Pothirat Chaicharn, Chaiwong Warawut
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
J Asthma Allergy. 2021 Jul 5;14:789-795. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S315081. eCollection 2021.
The prevalence of common aeroallergen sensitization in subjects with AR and clinical comparison between AR and Non-AR (NAR) subjects in Thailand remains limited. The primary objective of this study was to illustrate the prevalence of the common aeroallergen sensitization in AR subjects and the differences in clinical characteristics between AR and NAR subjects.
Data were retrospectively collected from all subjects with chronic rhinitis who have visited the Chest and Allergy Clinic in three settings in Chiang Mai, Thailand between January 1998 and December 2018. Clinical characteristics and the result of skin prick test (SPT) to common aeroallergen were collected.
A total of 2164 subjects with chronic rhinitis were enrolled, SPT was performed in 1001 (46.3%); 655 (65.4%) and 346 (34.6%) were AR and NAR, respectively. Mite mixed was the most frequent aeroallergen sensitization in subjects with AR both without asthma and with asthma (86.4% and 85.6%) followed by cockroach mixed (54.4% and 58.9%), grass pollen (38.9% and 40.4%), animal dander (15.5% and 19.9%), and mold mixed (5.7% and 11.0%). Polysensitization was higher in younger adults compared to middle aged adult and older adult (72.5%, 67.4%, and 58.7%, respectively, p=0.041). The AR subjects had lower age, earlier age of disease onset, and longer duration of disease (32.6±16.3 vs 40.2±15.4 years, 24 (10-36) vs 34 years (22-45), 3 (1-10) vs 2 years (0-5), respectively, p<0.001). The AR subjects also had more asthma, conjunctivitis, and family history of chronic rhinitis (22.3% vs 15.6%, 25.3% vs 4.3%, and 58.0% vs 43.3%, respectively, p<0.05).
The most common aeroallergen for AR (with and without asthma) was mite mixed followed by cockroach mixed and grass pollen. Polysensitization was significant higher in younger adult than middle aged and older adult. AR was significantly associated with asthma, conjunctivitis and family history of chronic rhinitis compared to NAR.
泰国变应性鼻炎（AR）患者中常见气传变应原致敏的患病率以及AR与非AR（NAR）患者之间的临床比较仍然有限。本研究的主要目的是阐明AR患者中常见气传变应原致敏的患病率以及AR与NAR患者临床特征的差异。
回顾性收集1998年1月至2018年12月期间在泰国清迈三个地点的胸部和过敏诊所就诊的所有慢性鼻炎患者的数据。收集临床特征和气传变应原皮肤点刺试验（SPT）结果。
共纳入2164例慢性鼻炎患者，其中1001例（46.3%）进行了SPT；分别有655例（65.4%）和346例（34.6%）为AR和NAR。在无哮喘和有哮喘的AR患者中，混合螨是最常见的气传变应原致敏（分别为86.4%和85.6%），其次是混合蟑螂（54.4%和58.9%）、草花粉（38.9%和40.4%）、动物皮屑（15.5%和19.9%）以及混合霉菌（5.7%和11.0%）。与中年和老年成年人相比，年轻成年人的多致敏率更高（分别为72.5%、67.4%和58.7%，p=0.041）。AR患者年龄更小、发病年龄更早且病程更长（分别为32.6±16.3岁对40.2±15.4岁、24（10 - 36）岁对34岁（22 - 45）、3（1 - 10）年对2年（0 - 5），p<0.001）。AR患者还患有更多哮喘、结膜炎以及慢性鼻炎家族史（分别为22.3%对15.6%、25.3%对4.3%、58.0%对43.3%，p<0.05）。
AR（有和无哮喘）最常见的气传变应原是混合螨，其次是混合蟑螂和草花粉。年轻成年人的多致敏率显著高于中年和老年成年人。与NAR相比，AR与哮喘、结膜炎和慢性鼻炎家族史显著相关。
