Leibniz-Laboratory for Radiometric Dating and Stable Isotope Research, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Max-Eyth-Str. 11-13, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
Irish Seaweed Research Group and Carna Research Station, Annex building, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
Food Chem. 2018 Aug 1;256:380-389. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.02.095. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
The rapid expansion of the aquaculture industry with carnivorous fish such as salmon has been accompanied by an equally rapid development in alternative feed ingredients. This has outpaced the ability of prevailing authentication method to trace the diet and origins of salmon products at the retail end. To close this gap, we developed a new profiling tool based on amino acid δC fingerprints. With this tool, we discriminated with high-accuracy among wild-caught, organically, and conventionally farmed salmon groups, as well as salmon fed alternative diets such as insects and macroalgae. Substitution of fishmeal with macroalgae was detected at 5% difference level. The δC fingerprints of essential amino acids appear particularly well suited for tracing protein sources, and the non-essentials for tracing lipid origins (terrestrial vs. aquatic). In an industry constantly developing new feed proteins and functional additives, our method is a promising tool for tracing salmon and other seafood products.
随着鲑鱼等肉食性鱼类养殖业的迅速扩张，替代饲料成分也在迅速发展。这使得现行的认证方法在零售端追踪鲑鱼产品的饮食和来源的能力相形见绌。为了弥补这一差距，我们开发了一种基于氨基酸 δC 指纹的新型分析工具。利用该工具，我们可以准确地区分野生捕捞、有机养殖和传统养殖的鲑鱼群体，以及用昆虫和大型藻类等替代饲料喂养的鲑鱼。当用大型藻类替代鱼粉时，在 5%的差异水平上就可以检测到。必需氨基酸的 δC 指纹特别适合追踪蛋白质来源，而非必需氨基酸适合追踪脂质来源（陆地与水生）。在不断开发新的饲料蛋白和功能性添加剂的行业中，我们的方法是追踪鲑鱼和其他海鲜产品的有前途的工具。
