在一项针对32名饮用含糖饮料（SSB）和食用肉类情况各异的男性进行的为期12周的住院喂养研究中，非必需氨基酸的碳同位素比率可识别出饮用含糖饮料的消费者。
The carbon isotope ratios of nonessential amino acids identify sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumers in a 12-wk inpatient feeding study of 32 men with varying SSB and meat exposures.
作者信息
Johnson Jessica J, Shaw Pamela A, Oh Eric J, Wooller Matthew J, Merriman Sean, Yun Hee Young, Larsen Thomas, Krakoff Jonathan, Votruba Susanne B, O'Brien Diane M
机构信息
Institute of Arctic Biology, Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
出版信息
Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 May 8;113(5):1256-1264. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa374.
BACKGROUND
The carbon isotope ratios (CIRs) of individual amino acids (AAs) may provide more sensitive and specific biomarkers of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) than total tissue CIR. Because CIRs turn over slowly, long-term controlled-feeding studies are needed in their evaluation.
OBJECTIVE
We assessed the responses of plasma and RBC CIRAA's to SSB and meat intake in a 12-wk inpatient feeding study.
METHODS
Thirty-two men (aged 46.2 ± 10.5 y) completed the feeding study at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases in Phoenix, Arizona. The effects of SSB, meat, and fish intake on plasma and RBC CIRAA's were evaluated in a balanced factorial design with each dietary variable either present or absent in a common weight-maintaining, macronutrient-balanced diet. Fasting blood samples were collected biweekly from baseline. Dietary effects on the postfeeding CIR of 5 nonessential AAs (CIRNEAA's) and 4 essential AAs (CIREAA's) were analyzed using multivariable regression.
RESULTS
In plasma, 4 of 5 CIRNEAA's increased with SSB intake. Of these, the CIRAla was the most sensitive (β = 2.81, SE = 0.38) to SSB intake and was not affected by meat or fish intake. In RBCs, all 5 CIRNEAA's increased with SSBs but had smaller effect sizes than in plasma. All plasma CIREAA's increased with meat intake (but not SSB or fish intake), and the CIRLeu was the most sensitive (β = 1.26, SE = 0.23). CIRs of leucine and valine also increased with meat intake in RBCs. Estimates of turnover suggest that CIRAA's in plasma, but not RBCs, were in equilibrium with the diets by the end of the study.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study in men support CIRNEAA's as potential biomarkers of SSB intake and suggest CIREAA's as potential biomarkers of meat intake in US diets. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01237093 as NCT01237093.
背景
与组织总碳同位素比率（CIR）相比，单个氨基酸（AA）的碳同位素比率（CIR）可能为含糖饮料（SSB）提供更敏感、更具特异性的生物标志物。由于CIR周转缓慢，在评估时需要进行长期的对照喂养研究。
目的
在一项为期12周的住院患者喂养研究中，我们评估了血浆和红细胞CIRAA对SSB和肉类摄入的反应。
方法
32名男性（年龄46.2±10.5岁）在亚利桑那州凤凰城的国立糖尿病、消化和肾脏疾病研究所完成了喂养研究。在一项平衡析因设计中，评估了SSB、肉类和鱼类摄入对血浆和红细胞CIRAA的影响，在维持体重、宏量营养素平衡的普通饮食中，每个饮食变量都有存在或不存在的情况。从基线开始每两周采集一次空腹血样。使用多变量回归分析饮食对5种非必需氨基酸（CIRNEAA）和4种必需氨基酸（CIREAA）喂养后CIR的影响。
结果
在血浆中，5种CIRNEAA中有4种随着SSB摄入量的增加而升高。其中，CIRAla对SSB摄入量最敏感（β=2.81，SE=0.38），且不受肉类或鱼类摄入量的影响。在红细胞中，所有5种CIRNEAA都随着SSB的增加而升高，但效应大小比血浆中的小。所有血浆CIREAA都随着肉类摄入量的增加而升高（但不受SSB或鱼类摄入量的影响），CIRLeu最敏感（β=1.26，SE=0.23）。红细胞中亮氨酸和缬氨酸的CIR也随着肉类摄入量的增加而升高。周转率估计表明，到研究结束时，血浆中的CIRAA与饮食达到平衡，而红细胞中的CIRAA未达到平衡。
结论
这项针对男性的研究结果支持CIRNEAA作为SSB摄入量的潜在生物标志物，并表明CIREAA作为美国饮食中肉类摄入量的潜在生物标志物。该试验已在clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01237093注册，编号为NCT01237093。
Zotero 插件