Fors Lisa, Mozuraitis Raimondas, Blažytė-Čereškienė Laima, Verschut Thomas A, Hambäck Peter A
Department of Ecology Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden.
Present address: Department of Zoology Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden.
Ecol Evol. 2018 Feb 19;8(6):3219-3228. doi: 10.1002/ece3.3877. eCollection 2018 Mar.
Parasitoid fitness is influenced by the ability to overcome host defense strategies and by the ability of parasitoid females to select high-quality host individuals. When females are unable to differentiate among hosts, their fitness will decrease with an increasing abundance of resistant hosts. To understand the effect of mixed host populations on female fitness, it is therefore necessary to investigate the ability of female parasitoids to select among hosts. Here, we used behavioral assays, headspace volatile collection, and electrophysiology to study the ability of to use olfactory cues to select between a susceptible host () and a resistant host () from a distance. Our studies show that parasitoid females have the capacity to distinguish the two hosts and that the selection behavior is acquired through experiences during earlier life stages. Further, we identified two volatiles (α-terpinolene and []-β-ocimene) which amounts differ between the two plant-herbivore systems and that caused behavioral and electrophysiological responses. The consequence of this selection behavior is that females have the capacity to avoid laying eggs in , where the egg mortality is higher due to much stronger immune responses toward than in larvae of . .
寄生蜂的适合度受到克服宿主防御策略能力以及寄生蜂雌性选择高质量宿主个体能力的影响。当雌性无法区分宿主时，随着抗性宿主数量的增加，它们的适合度会下降。因此，为了了解混合宿主种群对雌性适合度的影响，有必要研究寄生蜂雌性在宿主之间进行选择的能力。在这里，我们使用行为测定、顶空挥发物收集和电生理学方法，研究了[寄生蜂名称]利用嗅觉线索从远处在易感宿主（[宿主名称1]）和抗性宿主（[宿主名称2]）之间进行选择的能力。我们的研究表明，寄生蜂雌性有能力区分这两种宿主，并且选择行为是在生命早期阶段通过经验习得的。此外，我们鉴定出两种挥发物（α-松油烯和[]-β-罗勒烯），它们在两种植物-食草动物系统中的含量不同，并引发了行为和电生理反应。这种选择行为的结果是，雌性有能力避免在[宿主名称2]中产卵，因为[宿主名称2]对[寄生蜂名称]的免疫反应比对[宿主名称1]幼虫的免疫反应强烈得多，导致卵死亡率更高。
