Section of Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Research Bioanalysis, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark.
Sci Rep. 2018 Apr 3;8(1):5416. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23835-z.
In the apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse, the gut microbiota has an impact on the development of atherosclerosis, but whether such correlations are also present in rats requires investigation. Therefore, we studied female SD-Apoe (Apoe) rats fed either a Western diet or a low-fat control diet with or without gluten, which is known to promote gut microbiota changes, until 20 weeks of age. We hypothesized that the manifestation of atherosclerosis would be more severe in Apoe rats fed the Western high-fat diet, as compared with rats fed the low-fat diet, and that atherosclerosis would be accelerated by gluten. Both Western diet-feeding and gluten resulted in significant changes in gut microbiota, but the microbiota impact of gluten was transient. Compared with Apoe rats fed a low-fat diet, Western diet-fed Apoe rats were heavier and became glucose intolerant with increased levels of oxidative stress. They developed early fatty streak lesions in their aortic sinus, while there was no evidence of atherosclerosis in the thoracic aorta. No conclusions could be made on the impact of gluten on atherosclerosis. Although Western diet-fed Apoe rats exhibited a more human-like LDL dominated blood lipid profile, signs of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease were modest.
在载脂蛋白 E 缺陷型小鼠中，肠道微生物群会影响动脉粥样硬化的发展，但这种相关性在大鼠中是否存在仍需研究。因此，我们研究了喂食西方饮食或低脂对照饮食的雌性 SD-Apoe（载脂蛋白 E）大鼠，饮食中添加或不添加麸质，已知麸质会促进肠道微生物群的变化，直到 20 周龄。我们假设，与喂食低脂饮食的大鼠相比，喂食西方高脂肪饮食的 Apoe 大鼠会出现更严重的动脉粥样硬化，而且麸质会加速动脉粥样硬化。西方饮食喂养和麸质都导致了肠道微生物群的显著变化，但麸质对肠道微生物群的影响是短暂的。与喂食低脂饮食的 Apoe 大鼠相比，喂食西方饮食的 Apoe 大鼠体重增加，出现葡萄糖不耐受，氧化应激水平升高。它们的主动脉窦出现了早期的脂肪条纹病变，而胸主动脉没有动脉粥样硬化的证据。麸质对动脉粥样硬化的影响尚无定论。虽然喂食西方饮食的 Apoe 大鼠表现出更类似于人类的 LDL 主导的血脂谱，但肥胖、2 型糖尿病和心血管疾病的迹象并不明显。
