Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, University College Venlo, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 8, 5900 AA Venlo, The Netherlands.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Apr 4;15(4):680. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040680.
Combined lifestyle interventions (CLIs) can be effective in reducing weight and improving lifestyle-related behaviours but it is unclear how CLIs can best be implemented in practice in order to achieve sustained lifestyle changes. The Coaching on Lifestyle programme (CooL) is a CLI in the Netherlands, in which professional lifestyle coaches counsel adults and children (and/or their parents) who are obese or at high risk of obesity to achieve a sustained healthier lifestyle. The CooL intervention consists of group and individual sessions addressing the topics of physical activity, dietary behaviours, sleep and stress. Our longitudinal one-group pre-post study aimed to identify lifestyle changes among participants (adults, children and their parents) at 8 and 18 months after initiation. We assessed constructs ranging from motivation and behaviour-specific cognitions to behaviours and health outcomes. Positive and sustained changes among adults were found regarding perceived autonomy, motivation, perceived barriers, lifestyle behaviours, quality of life and weight. Among children and their parents, few improvements were found regarding behaviours and quality of life. CooL has been successful in coaching adult participants towards sustained behavioural change during the intervention period. Mixed results and smaller effect sizes were found for children and their parents.
联合生活方式干预（CLIs）可以有效减轻体重并改善与生活方式相关的行为，但尚不清楚如何在实践中最好地实施 CLIs，以实现持续的生活方式改变。荷兰的“生活方式教练计划”（CooL）是一种 CLI，其中专业的生活方式教练为肥胖或有肥胖风险的成年人和儿童（和/或其父母）提供咨询，以实现更健康的生活方式。CooL 干预措施包括小组和个人会议，涉及体育活动、饮食行为、睡眠和压力等主题。我们的纵向单组前后研究旨在确定参与者（成年人、儿童及其父母）在开始后 8 个月和 18 个月时的生活方式变化。我们评估了从动机和行为特定认知到行为和健康结果的各种结构。在成年人中发现了积极和持续的变化，包括感知自主性、动机、感知障碍、生活方式行为、生活质量和体重。在儿童及其父母中，行为和生活质量方面的改善较少。CooL 在指导成年参与者在干预期间实现持续行为改变方面取得了成功。对于儿童及其父母，结果好坏参半，效果较小。
