Institute of Health Promotion and Clinical Movement Science, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Institute of Health Promotion and Clinical Movement Science, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Patient Educ Couns. 2017 Sep;100(9):1643-1653. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2017.04.012. Epub 2017 Apr 23.
This systematic review aims to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of health coaching interventions in rehabilitation and prevention.
Databases and a manual search were used to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in English through to June 2015. Studies were included if: (1) the target population were people of employment age, (2) the intervention addressed either people suffering from a diagnosed disease or healthy people, (3) the intervention included health coaching to influence health-related outcomes and/or processes and (4) the study had a follow-up of at least 24 weeks after the end of the intervention period.
Out of 90 RCTs, 14 studies were selected using the inclusion criteria: seven were designed for the rehabilitative setting and seven for the preventive setting. Three studies of each setting found statistically significant long-term effectiveness.
The high number of studies evaluating health coaching underlines the relevance of this approach. Despite the increasing popularity of health coaching, a research gap exists in regard to its long-term effectiveness.
It is of utmost importance to consider the sustainability already during planning of health coaching interventions. The involvement of the target group and the setting seems to be a promising strategy.
本系统评价旨在评估康复和预防领域健康辅导干预的长期效果。
通过数据库和手工检索，截至 2015 年 6 月，以英文形式检索随机对照试验（RCT）。如果研究符合以下标准，则将其纳入：（1）目标人群为就业年龄段的人群；（2）干预措施针对已确诊疾病患者或健康人群；（3）干预措施包括健康辅导，以影响与健康相关的结局和/或过程；（4）研究在干预结束后至少 24 周进行随访。
根据纳入标准，共筛选出 90 项 RCT 中的 14 项研究：其中 7 项研究设计用于康复环境，7 项研究设计用于预防环境。每个环境中有 3 项研究发现了具有统计学意义的长期效果。
大量研究评估健康辅导，突显了该方法的重要性。尽管健康辅导越来越受欢迎，但在其长期效果方面仍存在研究空白。
在规划健康辅导干预措施时，考虑其可持续性非常重要。目标人群和环境的参与似乎是一种很有前途的策略。
