Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA; email:
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43214, USA.
Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2018 Jun 4;20:375-401. doi: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-062117-120904. Epub 2018 Apr 4.
Structural DNA nanotechnology utilizes synthetic or biologic DNA as designer molecules for the self-assembly of artificial nanostructures. The field is founded upon the specific interactions between DNA molecules, known as Watson-Crick base pairing. After decades of active pursuit, DNA has demonstrated unprecedented versatility in constructing artificial nanostructures with significant complexity and programmability. The nanostructures could be either static, with well-controlled physicochemical properties, or dynamic, with the ability to reconfigure upon external stimuli. Researchers have devoted considerable effort to exploring the usability of DNA nanostructures in biomedical research. We review the basic design methods for fabricating both static and dynamic DNA nanostructures, along with their biomedical applications in fields such as biosensing, bioimaging, and drug delivery.
结构 DNA 纳米技术利用合成或生物 DNA 作为设计分子，用于人工纳米结构的自组装。该领域基于 DNA 分子之间的特定相互作用，称为沃森-克里克碱基配对。经过几十年的积极探索，DNA 在构建具有显著复杂性和可编程性的人工纳米结构方面表现出了前所未有的多功能性。这些纳米结构可以是静态的，具有良好控制的物理化学性质，也可以是动态的，能够在外力刺激下重新配置。研究人员在探索 DNA 纳米结构在生物医学研究中的可用性方面付出了相当大的努力。我们综述了用于制造静态和动态 DNA 纳米结构的基本设计方法，以及它们在生物传感、生物成像和药物输送等领域的生物医学应用。
