Asieba Iyeseun O, Nmadu Teresa M
Nasara Pharmacy Ltd. Jos (Nigeria).
Professor. University of Jos. Jos (Nigeria).
Pharm Pract (Granada). 2018 Jan-Mar;16(1):1110. doi: 10.18549/PharmPract.2018.01.1110. Epub 2018 Mar 23.
Community pharmacy has been a lucrative area of practice for pharmacists in Jos, Nigeria, until about the turn of the millennium where a decline in viability of the business has been observed.
This study assessed the entrepreneurial skills of community pharmacists, the business performance of community pharmacies and the impact of their entrepreneurial skills on business performance.
A cross sectional survey was conducted by administering a pretested questionnaire to 30 community pharmacists in Jos. An adaptation of the Bernelli model and the expanded Katz (1974)/Herron (1990) Skill Typology Model was used to assess nine entrepreneurial skills - product, organizational, industry, networking, leadership, executive, entrepreneurial, marketing and money skills; while sales growth, net profit and stock growth were used to assess business performance. Frequency distribution of results was presented, with further analysis done with the Epi-Info software using the chi square test of association.
The results from this study showed that community pharmacies in Jos do possess requisite entrepreneurial skills, but to varying extents. Product skills ranked highest while money skills and entrepreneurial skills ranked least, portraying a need for skills enhancement in these areas. Business performance was suboptimal, being rated as average or poor by 56.6% of respondents. However, most respondents (90%) still assessed their businesses as profitable. Money skills had a significant impact on business performance (P=0.03) and stock growth (P=0.04); while stock growth was significantly affected by leadership skills (P=0.002) and entrepreneurial skills (0.02). Net profit was significantly affected by industry skills (P=0.008).
Community pharmacy business is still a profitable business venture in Jos though business performance is sub optimal. The entrepreneurial skills set of a community pharmacist set has an impact on business performance with money skills, leadership skills and entrepreneurial skills being most significant. This study recommended that entrepreneurial skills of community pharmacists in Nigeria are further developed to improve pharmaceutical business performance.
在尼日利亚乔斯，社区药房一直是药剂师利润丰厚的执业领域，直到大约千年之交，该业务的生存能力出现了下降。
本研究评估了社区药剂师的创业技能、社区药房的经营业绩以及他们的创业技能对经营业绩的影响。
通过向乔斯的30名社区药剂师发放预先测试过的问卷进行横断面调查。采用贝尔内利模型的改编版以及扩展的卡茨（1974年）/赫伦（1990年）技能类型模型来评估九种创业技能——产品、组织、行业、网络、领导、执行、创业、营销和资金技能；同时使用销售增长、净利润和库存增长来评估经营业绩。呈现结果的频率分布，并使用Epi-Info软件通过卡方关联检验进行进一步分析。
本研究结果表明，乔斯的社区药房确实具备必要的创业技能，但程度各异。产品技能排名最高，而资金技能和创业技能排名最低，表明这些领域需要技能提升。经营业绩未达最佳，56.6%的受访者将其评为中等或较差。然而，大多数受访者（90%）仍认为他们的业务是盈利的。资金技能对经营业绩（P=0.03）和库存增长（P=0.04）有显著影响；而库存增长受到领导技能（P=0.002）和创业技能（0.02）的显著影响。净利润受到行业技能的显著影响（P=0.008）。
尽管经营业绩未达最佳，但乔斯的社区药房业务仍是一项盈利的商业冒险。社区药剂师的创业技能组合对经营业绩有影响，其中资金技能、领导技能和创业技能最为显著。本研究建议进一步发展尼日利亚社区药剂师的创业技能，以改善制药业务业绩。
