Department of General, Visceral and Vascular Surgery, University of Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Department of Hematology and Internal Oncology, University of Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Apr 5;19(4):1085. doi: 10.3390/ijms19041085.
Multimodal treatment concepts including liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), extended resection methods and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastasis significantly improve patients’ outcome. However, surgery-induced hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and chemotherapy-associated hepatotoxicity result in hepatocellular damage and compromised liver function. Activation of common key pathways in ischemic liver and hepatotoxic injury results in oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and apoptosis causing organ damage. Controlling liver damage before and during surgery is essential for the postoperative outcome. has a long tradition as a natural remedy. In the essential oil, Thymoquinone (TQ) was identified as the main component and responsible for most of the therapeutic effects. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to summarize the hepatoprotective effects of TQ and its potential suitability to improve surgical outcome by reducing surgical ischemic injury and hepatotoxicity of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The key findings can be summarized as TQ having strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, anti-/proapoptotic and anticarcinogenic effects. Almost no side effects were reported irrespective of a large dose range, suggesting a wide therapeutic window. These results give rise to the expectation that TQ could evolve to a novel powerful drug to reduce hepatic injury.
多模态治疗方案包括肝移植治疗肝细胞癌（HCC）、扩大切除术和新辅助化疗治疗结直肠癌肝转移，显著改善了患者的预后。然而，手术引起的肝缺血再灌注损伤（IRI）和化疗相关的肝毒性导致肝细胞损伤和肝功能受损。缺血性肝损伤和肝毒性相关的共同关键途径的激活导致氧化应激、炎症反应和细胞凋亡，导致器官损伤。控制手术前后的肝损伤对于术后结果至关重要。姜黄作为一种天然药物具有悠久的历史。在其精油中，姜黄素（TQ）被鉴定为主要成分，并对大多数治疗效果负责。因此，本系统综述旨在总结 TQ 的肝保护作用及其通过减少手术缺血性损伤和新辅助化疗的肝毒性来改善手术结果的潜在适宜性。主要发现可以概括为 TQ 具有很强的抗氧化、抗炎、抗纤维化、抗/促凋亡和抗癌作用。几乎没有报告任何副作用，无论剂量范围大小，这表明其治疗窗较宽。这些结果使人们期望 TQ 可能发展成为一种新型强效药物，以减轻肝损伤。
