Cochran David, Simpson Jim, Weber Hans Peter, Buser Daniel
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1994 May/Jun;9(3):289-297.
Besides bone, two other tissues directly contact an osseous implant and/or attachments to it: epithelium and soft connective tissues including the gingival connective tissue. These tissues have received less attention than bone, but are required because of the transmucosal nature of endosseous dental implant restorations. The attachment and growth of human gingival and periodontal ligament fibroblasts and an epithelial cell line to titanium with various surface textures have been examined. Of the three cell types examined, gingival fibroblasts attached best, followed by periodontal ligament fibroblasts and the epithelial cells. Both fibroblast cell types had more cells attached to control (tissue culture plastic) and smooth titanium than either of two rough surfaces. However, once attached, the fibroblast cells grew well on smooth and rough titanium. Epithelial cells did not attach well to any of the surfaces but after a lag period proliferated on control and smooth titanium, although not on either rough titanium surface. This study demonstrates that, as has been found in vivo, human fibroblast and epithelial cell attachment and proliferation are significantly affected by surface characteristics of titanium. These studies suggest that surface texture could be used to guide specific cell attachment to the dental implant. They also provide an in vitro model in which agents such as inflammatory mediators and growth factors could be examined on specific cell function on titanium with distinct surface characteristics.
除了骨组织外，还有另外两种组织直接与骨植入物及其附着物接触：上皮组织和包括牙龈结缔组织在内的软结缔组织。与骨组织相比，这些组织受到的关注较少，但由于牙种植体修复体的穿黏膜特性，它们是必需的。已经研究了人牙龈和牙周膜成纤维细胞以及一种上皮细胞系在具有不同表面纹理的钛上的附着和生长情况。在所研究的三种细胞类型中，牙龈成纤维细胞附着得最好，其次是牙周膜成纤维细胞和上皮细胞。两种成纤维细胞类型附着在对照物（组织培养塑料）和平滑钛上的细胞都比附着在两种粗糙表面上的细胞多。然而，一旦附着，成纤维细胞在平滑和粗糙钛上都生长良好。上皮细胞在任何一种表面上都附着不佳，但经过一段延迟期后，在对照物和平滑钛上增殖，尽管在任何一种粗糙钛表面上都不增殖。这项研究表明，正如在体内所发现的那样，人成纤维细胞和上皮细胞的附着和增殖受到钛表面特性的显著影响。这些研究表明，表面纹理可用于引导特定细胞附着于牙种植体。它们还提供了一个体外模型，在该模型中，可以研究诸如炎症介质和生长因子等因子对具有不同表面特性的钛上特定细胞功能的影响。
