Bio-Sciences R&D Division, TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd., Hadapsar Industrial Estate, Pune Maharashtra, India.
Tata Chemicals Ltd. Innovation Centre, Ambedveth, Mulshi, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
PLoS One. 2018 Apr 6;13(4):e0195643. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195643. eCollection 2018.
The human gut microbiome contributes to a broad range of biochemical and metabolic functions that directly or indirectly affect human physiology. Several recent studies have indicated that factors like age, geographical location, genetic makeup, and individual health status significantly influence the diversity, stability, and resilience of the gut microbiome. Of the mentioned factors, geographical location (and related dietary/socio-economic context) appears to explain a significant portion of microbiome variation observed in various previously conducted base-line studies on human gut microbiome. Given this context, we have undertaken a microbiome study with the objective of cataloguing the taxonomic diversity of gut microbiomes sampled from an urban cohort from Ahmedabad city in Western India. Computational analysis of microbiome sequence data corresponding to 160 stool samples (collected from 80 healthy individuals at two time-points, 60 days apart) has indicated a Prevotella-dominated microbial community. Given that the typical diet of participants included carbohydrate and fibre-rich components (predominantly whole grains and legume-based preparations), results appear to validate the proposed correlation between diet/geography and microbiome composition. Comparative analysis of obtained gut microbiome profiles with previously published microbiome profiles from US, China, Finland, and Japan additionally reveals a distinct taxonomic and (inferred) functional niche for the sampled microbiomes.
人类肠道微生物组参与了广泛的生化和代谢功能，这些功能直接或间接地影响着人类的生理机能。最近的几项研究表明，年龄、地理位置、基因构成和个体健康状况等因素显著影响着肠道微生物组的多样性、稳定性和恢复力。在上述因素中，地理位置（以及相关的饮食/社会经济背景）似乎可以解释在对人类肠道微生物组进行的各种先前基线研究中观察到的微生物组变异的很大一部分。有鉴于此，我们开展了一项微生物组研究，旨在对来自印度西部艾哈迈达巴德市的城市队列的肠道微生物组进行分类。对 160 个粪便样本（从 80 名健康个体在相隔 60 天的两个时间点采集）的微生物组序列数据进行的计算分析表明，存在以普雷沃氏菌为主导的微生物群落。鉴于参与者的典型饮食包括富含碳水化合物和纤维的成分（主要是全谷物和豆类制品），研究结果似乎验证了饮食/地理位置与微生物组组成之间的相关性。对获得的肠道微生物组谱与来自美国、中国、芬兰和日本的先前发表的微生物组谱进行的比较分析还揭示了所采样的微生物组的独特分类和（推断的）功能生态位。
