Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular Biology, Clinical Pharmacology and Gastroenterology Unit, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Av Sao Francisco de Assis, 218, Braganca Paulista, SP, 12916-900, Brazil.
Eur J Nutr. 2019 Mar;58(2):765-774. doi: 10.1007/s00394-018-1686-1. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
Maternal obesity can program the offspring, increasing the risk of overweight and obesity in adult life. Guarana (Paullinia cupana) is a Brazilian plant that has weight-reducing effects. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of Guarana on metabolic and inflammatory parameters in mice programmed by maternal obesity.
Swiss female mice were divided into two groups: control and high fat (HF), who received a standard diet or a high-fat diet (HFD), respectively, for 8 weeks prior to mating, gestation, and lactation. After post-natal day (PN) 21, the offspring of the HF group were subdivided into three groups: HF without treatment; HF early treatment, offspring treated with Guarana (1 g/kg bodyweight) in PN25-PN30; HF late treatment, offspring treated with Guarana (1 g/kg bodyweight) in PN65-PN75. Basal energy expenditure, the lipid profile and fasting glucose levels were determined. Body composition was evaluated by dissecting adipose tissue depots. Gene expression was analyzed using real-time PCR.
During mating, the weight of HF females increased; after lactation, their adipose tissue depots and fasting glycemic levels also increased. The offspring of the HF group showed an increased body weight at PN21. At PN80, in the mice treated with Guarana (with both treatments), VO and energy expenditure increased, adipose tissue depots decreased, and the expression of leptin, IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 decreased compared with that in the HF group.
Guarana treatment at both stages of life reversed some of the alterations developed by the offspring of HF animals in adult life.
母体肥胖会对子代进行编程，增加其成年后患超重和肥胖的风险。瓜拉那（Paullinia cupana）是一种具有减肥作用的巴西植物。因此，本研究旨在评估瓜拉那对母体肥胖编程的小鼠代谢和炎症参数的影响。
瑞士雌性小鼠分为两组：对照组和高脂肪组（HF），它们分别在交配前、妊娠期和哺乳期接受标准饮食或高脂肪饮食（HFD）8 周。产后第 21 天（PN）后，HF 组的后代又分为三组：未治疗的 HF 组；HF 早期治疗组，在 PN25-PN30 时用瓜拉那（1 g/kg 体重）治疗后代；HF 晚期治疗组，在 PN65-PN75 时用瓜拉那（1 g/kg 体重）治疗后代。测定基础能量消耗、血脂谱和空腹血糖水平。通过解剖脂肪组织来评估身体成分。使用实时 PCR 分析基因表达。
在交配期间，HF 雌性小鼠体重增加；哺乳期后，其脂肪组织储存量和空腹血糖水平也增加。HF 组的后代在 PN21 时体重增加。在 PN80 时，用瓜拉那治疗（两种治疗方式）的小鼠 VO 和能量消耗增加，脂肪组织减少，瘦素、IL-6、TNF-α和 MCP-1 的表达降低，与 HF 组相比。
瓜拉那在生命的两个阶段的治疗都逆转了 HF 动物后代在成年后发生的一些改变。
