Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Environment and Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China.
Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Botanical Garden, Tianhi District, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, PR China.
Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2018 Apr;146:33-42. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.02.007. Epub 2018 Feb 21.
Anthracnose disease in the cotton plant caused by fungal pathogen Colletotrichum gossypii. It is supposed to be most critical diseases in the cotton crop as it causes infection and leads to complete damaging of the cotton crop by infecting the leaves, stems, and bolls in the field. The disease control is challenging due to the absence of an effective fungicide without damaging the farmer health and environment. So the series of experiments were designed to assess the antagonistic activity of biosurfactant released by strain Bacillus licheniformis OE-04 against the anthracnose causing agent in cotton and this strain was screened out from forty eight strain of rhizobacteria. We also estimated the heat stability and pH range and toxicity of biosurfactant produced by strain 0E-04. The results showed that biosurfactant has maximum antifungal activity against C. gossypii. In vitro study concluded that the biosurfactant can reduce fungal activity by inhibiting the spore germination of C. gossypii. Moreover, the biosurfactant also has wide pH and temperature range. We observed Antifungal activity of biosurfactant at 5 to 10 pH range and temperature range was also wide from room temperature to 100 °C. We also observed the toxicity of biosurfactant produced by Bacillus licheniformis against zebra fish (Danio rerio). We were noticed that biosurfactant have least harmful effect with maximum concentration. The study confirmed that biosurfactant of Bacillus licheniformis have high pH and heat stability range with least harmful effects so it can be a good replacement of chemical pesticides for cotton anthracnose control.
棉花炭疽病是由真菌病原菌炭疽菌引起的。它被认为是棉花作物中最严重的病害之一，因为它会感染叶片、茎和棉铃，导致棉花作物完全受损。由于缺乏既不伤农民健康又不破坏环境的有效杀菌剂，因此控制这种疾病具有挑战性。所以设计了一系列实验来评估解淀粉芽孢杆菌 OE-04 产生的生物表面活性剂对棉花炭疽病致病因子的拮抗活性，该菌株是从四十八株根际细菌中筛选出来的。我们还评估了 OE-04 产生的生物表面活性剂的热稳定性、pH 范围和毒性。结果表明，生物表面活性剂对 C. gossypii 具有最大的抗真菌活性。体外研究表明，生物表面活性剂可以通过抑制 C. gossypii 的孢子萌发来降低真菌的活性。此外，生物表面活性剂还具有较宽的 pH 和温度范围。我们观察到生物表面活性剂在 5 到 10 的 pH 范围和从室温到 100°C 的温度范围内都具有抗真菌活性。我们还观察了 Bacillus licheniformis 产生的生物表面活性剂对斑马鱼（Danio rerio）的毒性。我们注意到，生物表面活性剂在最大浓度下具有最小的有害影响。该研究证实，Bacillus licheniformis 的生物表面活性剂具有较高的 pH 和热稳定性范围，且对生物体的危害最小，因此可作为防治棉花炭疽病的化学农药的替代品。
