Lammintausta K, Maibach H I, Wilson D
Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
Contact Dermatitis. 1987 Oct;17(4):193-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1987.tb02712.x.
The variation in human skin response to sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) was determined with patch and open applications. Reactions in different subjects and in multiple simultaneous patch tests were compared. Skin responses were assessed with visual scoring (VS), laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Previous open, unpatched SLS exposure decreased patch test reactivity to 1% SLS assessed with VS (p less than 0.05) or LDV (p less than 0.05). Corresponding TEWL alteration was inconstant. Variation in reactivity at different test sites in multiple simultaneous tests was considerable, though less than the variation at different test times (p less than 0.05). Inter-subject variation in test reactivity was greater than the variation between different test times or adjacent test sites. Repeated open applications and the subclinical dermatitis appear to have produced a hyporeactive state. The results suggest that non-specific skin inflammation is elicited by multiple factors, e.g., stratum corneum integrity and vascular reactivity. Their balance determines the ensuing reactions. The induced hyporeactivity may be one of many causes of false negative diagnostic patch tests.
通过斑贴试验和开放性涂抹试验测定了人体皮肤对月桂醇硫酸酯钠（SLS）的反应差异。比较了不同受试者以及多个同时进行的斑贴试验中的反应。采用视觉评分（VS）、激光多普勒血流仪（LDV）和经表皮水分流失（TEWL）来评估皮肤反应。先前未进行斑贴的开放性SLS暴露会降低通过VS（p<0.05）或LDV（p<0.05）评估的对1% SLS的斑贴试验反应性。相应的TEWL改变并不恒定。在多个同时进行的试验中，不同试验部位的反应性差异相当大，尽管小于不同试验时间的差异（p<0.05）。受试者间试验反应性的差异大于不同试验时间或相邻试验部位之间的差异。反复的开放性涂抹试验和亚临床性皮炎似乎产生了一种低反应状态。结果表明，非特异性皮肤炎症是由多种因素引起的，例如角质层完整性和血管反应性。它们之间的平衡决定了随后的反应。诱导产生的低反应性可能是诊断性斑贴试验假阴性的众多原因之一。
