Malik Vinod Kumar, Singh Manjeet, Hooda Karambir Singh, Yadav Naresh Kumar, Chauhan Prashant Kumar
Department of Plant Pathology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, Haryana, India.
Indian Institute of Maize Research, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India.
Plant Pathol J. 2018 Apr;34(2):121-125. doi: 10.5423/PPJ.OA.11.2017.0251. Epub 2018 Apr 1.
Maize ( L.; 2N=20) is major staple food crop grown worldwide adapted to several biotic and abiotic stresses. Maydis leaf blight (MLB) and banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) are serious foliar fungal diseases may cause up to 40% and 100% grain yield loss, respectively. The present studies were undertaken to work out the efficacy of chemicals, botanicals and bioagents for the management of MLB and BLSB under field condition for two seasons 2014 and 2015. Five molecules (propiconazole 25 EC, hexaconazole 25 EC, carbendazim 50 WP, mancozeb 75 WP and carbedazim 12 WP + mancozeb 63 WP), two bioagents i.e. and and three botanicals namely azadirachtin, sarpagandha and bel pathar were tested for their efficacy against MLB. Eight newer fungicides viz., difenconazole 250 SC, hexaconazole 5 EC, carbendazim 50WP, validamycin 3 L, tebuconazole 250 EC, trifloxystrobin 50 WG + tebuconazole 50 WG, azoxystrobin 250 EC and pencycuron 250 SC were evaluated against BLSB. Analysis revealed significant effects of propiconazole at 0.1%, carbendazim 12 WP + mancozeb 63 WP at 0.125% and sarpagandha leaves at 10% against MLB pathogen, whereas validamycin at 0.1% and trifloxystrobin 25 WG + tebuconazole 50 WG at 0.05% were found effective against BLSB. The slow rate of disease control virtually by the bioagents might have not shown instant effect on plant response to the yield enhancing components. The identified sources of management can be used further in strengthening the plant protection in maize against MLB and BLSB.
玉米（L.；2n = 20）是全球种植的主要主食作物，能适应多种生物和非生物胁迫。玉米大斑病（MLB）和玉米纹枯病（BLSB）是严重的叶部真菌病害，分别可能导致高达40%和100%的谷物产量损失。本研究旨在确定化学药剂、植物源药剂和生物制剂在2014年和2015年两个季节的田间条件下对玉米大斑病和玉米纹枯病的防治效果。测试了五种药剂（丙环唑25%乳油、己唑醇25%乳油、多菌灵50%可湿性粉剂、代森锰锌75%可湿性粉剂和多菌灵12%可湿性粉剂+代森锰锌63%可湿性粉剂）、两种生物制剂即[此处原文缺失两种生物制剂具体名称]以及三种植物源药剂印楝素、萝芙木和贝母对玉米大斑病的防治效果。评估了八种新型杀菌剂，即苯醚甲环唑250克/升悬浮剂、己唑醇5%乳油、多菌灵50%可湿性粉剂、井冈霉素3%水剂、戊唑醇250克/升乳油、肟菌酯50%水分散粒剂+戊唑醇50%水分散粒剂、嘧菌酯250克/升悬浮剂和戊菌隆250克/升悬浮剂对玉米纹枯病的防治效果。分析表明，0.1%的丙环唑、0.125%的多菌灵12%可湿性粉剂+代森锰锌63%可湿性粉剂以及10%的萝芙木叶对玉米大斑病病原菌有显著防治效果，而0.1%的井冈霉素和0.05%的肟菌酯25%水分散粒剂+戊唑醇50%水分散粒剂对玉米纹枯病有效。生物制剂实际控制病害的速度较慢，可能未对植株对增产成分的反应产生即时影响。所确定的防治方法可进一步用于加强玉米对玉米大斑病和玉米纹枯病的保护。
