Singh Vijaipal, Singh Ashok Kumar, Mohapatra Trilochan, S Gopala Krishnan, Ellur Ranjith Kumar
E-9, Sector 40, Noida, UP, 201303, India.
Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
Rice (N Y). 2018 Apr 9;11(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s12284-018-0213-6.
Pusa Basmati 1121 (PB 1121) is a landmark Basmati rice variety having Basmati quality traits introgressed from traditional Basmati varieties such as Basmati 370 and Type 3. It was released for commercial cultivation in 2003. It possesses extra-long slender milled grains (9.00 mm), pleasant aroma, and an exceptionally high cooked kernel elongation ratio of 2.5 with a cooked kernel length of up to 22 mm, volume expansion more than four times, appealing taste, good mouth feel and easy digestibility. Owing to its exceptional quality characteristics, it has set new standards in the Basmati rice market. The cumulative foreign exchange earnings through export of PB 1121 since 2008 have been US$ 20.8 billion, which has brought prosperity to millions of Basmati farmers. During 2017, the farmers cultivating PB 1121 earned on an average US$ 1400/ha as against US$ 650/ha cultivating traditional Basmati, making it a highly profitable enterprise. Currently, PB 1121 is grown in ~ 70% of the total area under Basmati rice cultivation in India. It is the most common Basmati rice variety in rice grain quality research for developing mapping populations, genetic analyses and molecular mapping of Basmati quality traits. Additionally, it has been widely used in the Basmati rice breeding program across India, because of its superior quality attributes. This article presents an account of development of PB 1121, its major characteristic features and its flagship role in heralding a Basmati rice revolution. The prospective role of PB 1121 in Basmati rice improvement and future Basmati rice research as a whole is also presented.
普萨巴斯马蒂1121（PB 1121）是一个具有里程碑意义的巴斯马蒂水稻品种，它具有从传统巴斯马蒂品种如巴斯马蒂370和3号品种渗入的巴斯马蒂品质特性。它于2003年被批准用于商业种植。它拥有超长的细长精米粒（9.00毫米）、宜人的香气，以及高达2.5的异常高的熟米粒伸长率，熟米粒长度可达22毫米，体积膨胀超过四倍，口感诱人，口感好且易消化。由于其卓越的品质特性，它在巴斯马蒂大米市场树立了新的标准。自2008年以来，通过出口PB 1121累计获得的外汇收入达208亿美元，这给数百万巴斯马蒂农民带来了繁荣。2017年，种植PB 1121的农民平均每公顷收入1400美元，而种植传统巴斯马蒂的农民每公顷收入为650美元，这使其成为一项高利润的产业。目前，PB 1121种植面积占印度巴斯马蒂水稻种植总面积的约70%。它是用于开发作图群体、进行遗传分析以及对巴斯马蒂品质性状进行分子作图的水稻籽粒品质研究中最常见的巴斯马蒂水稻品种。此外，由于其卓越的品质特性，它已在印度各地的巴斯马蒂水稻育种计划中广泛应用。本文介绍了PB 1121的培育过程、其主要特征以及它在引领巴斯马蒂水稻革命中的旗舰作用。还介绍了PB 1121在巴斯马蒂水稻改良以及整个未来巴斯马蒂水稻研究中的预期作用。
