Pecora Valentina, Mennini Maurizio, Calandrelli Veronica, Patriarca Giampiero, Valluzzi Rocco, Fierro Vincenzo
Allergy Department, Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesù - Piazza di Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome, Vatican City.
Policlinico Agostino Gemelli - L.go Agostino Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018 Jun;18(3):248-257. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000450.
In the last years, food allergy treatment is moving away from food avoidance to interventional treatments. We review here the recent developments on immunotherapy with food allergens.
Oral immunotherapy remains the best studied form of food immunotherapy. In 2017, further evidence has been added to its efficacy. Its mechanisms of action are under scrutiny. To reduce its side effects, studies have been dedicated to the simultaneous use of biologics, in particular omalizumab. Among the other forms of food immunotherapy that are being developed, the epicutaneous application of food allergens is promising.
The immunologic trajectories of the development of food tolerance may be intercepted by different forms of food immunotherapy. Research efforts aim to make these therapies feasible at the clinical level.
近年来，食物过敏治疗正从避免食用过敏食物转向采用介入性治疗方法。在此，我们综述食物过敏原免疫疗法的最新进展。
口服免疫疗法仍是研究最为深入的食物免疫疗法形式。2017年，有更多证据证明了其有效性。其作用机制正在研究之中。为降低其副作用，已有研究致力于同时使用生物制剂，尤其是奥马珠单抗。在正在研发的其他食物免疫疗法形式中，经皮应用食物过敏原很有前景。
不同形式的食物免疫疗法可能会阻断食物耐受形成过程中的免疫途径。研究工作旨在使这些疗法在临床层面可行。
