Arfer Kodi B, Tomlinson Mark, Mayekiso Andile, Bantjes Jason, van Heerden Alastair, Rotheram-Borus Mary Jane
UCLA Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services, University of California Los Angeles, CA, US.
Department of Psychology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
Int J Ment Health Addict. 2018 Feb;16(1):45-52. doi: 10.1007/s11469-017-9769-4. Epub 2017 May 1.
Valid measurement of substance use is necessary to evaluate preventive and treatment interventions. Self-report is fast and inexpensive, but its accuracy can be hampered by social desirability bias and imperfect recall. We examined the agreement between self-report of recent use and rapid diagnostic tests for three substances (alcohol, cannabis, and methamphetamine) among 904 young men living in Cape Town, South Africa. Rapid diagnostic tests detected the respective substances in 32%, 52%, and 22% of men. Among those who tested positive, 61% (95% CI [56%, 66%]), 70% ([67%, 74%]), and 48% ([42%, 54%]) admitted use. Men were moderately more willing to admit use of cannabis than alcohol (log OR 0.42) or admit use of alcohol than methamphetamine (log OR 0.53). Our findings show that self-report has reasonable criterion validity in this population, but criterion validity can vary substantially depending on the substance.
对物质使用进行有效的测量对于评估预防和治疗干预措施是必要的。自我报告快速且成本低廉，但其准确性可能会受到社会期望偏差和回忆不完美的影响。我们在南非开普敦生活的904名年轻男性中，研究了近期使用情况的自我报告与三种物质（酒精、大麻和甲基苯丙胺）快速诊断测试之间的一致性。快速诊断测试在32%、52%和22%的男性中检测到了相应物质。在检测呈阳性的人中，61%（95%置信区间[56%，66%]）、70%（[67%，74%]）和48%（[42%，54%]）承认使用过。男性承认使用大麻的意愿比承认使用酒精的意愿略高（对数比值比0.42），承认使用酒精的意愿比承认使用甲基苯丙胺的意愿略高（对数比值比0.53）。我们的研究结果表明，自我报告在该人群中具有合理的标准效度，但标准效度可能会因物质的不同而有很大差异。
