State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , China.
ACS Nano. 2018 Apr 24;12(4):3865-3874. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.8b01206. Epub 2018 Apr 16.
Hybrid plasmonic nanolasers are intensively studied due to their nanoscale mode confinement and potentials in highly integrated photonic and quantum devices. Until now, the characteristics of plasmonic nanolasers are mostly determined by the crystal facets of top semiconductors, such as ZnO nanowires or nanoplates. As a result, the spasers are isolated, and their lasing wavelengths are random and difficult to tune. Herein, we experimentally demonstrate the formation of lead halide perovskite (MAPbX) based hybrid plasmonic nanolasers and nanolaser arrays with arbitrary cavity shapes and controllable lasing wavelengths. These spasers are composed of MAPbX perovskite nanosheets, which are separated from Au patterns with a 10 nm SiO spacer. In contrast to previous reports, here, the spasers are determined by the boundary of Au patterns instead of the crystal facets of MAPbX nanosheets. As a result, whispering gallery mode based circular spasers and spaser arrays were successfully realized by patterning the Au substrate into circles and gratings, respectively. The standard wavelength deviation of spaser arrays is as small as 0.3 nm. Meanwhile, owing to the anion-exchangeable property of MAPbX perovskite, the emission wavelengths of spasers were tuned more than 100 nm back and forth by changing the stoichiometry of perovskite postsynthetically.
混合等离子体纳米激光器由于其纳米级模式限制和在高度集成的光子和量子器件中的潜力而受到广泛研究。到目前为止，等离子体纳米激光器的特性主要取决于顶部半导体的晶体面，如 ZnO 纳米线或纳米板。因此，这些表面等离激元振荡器是孤立的，它们的激光波长是随机的，难以调节。在此，我们通过实验证明了卤化铅钙钛矿（MAPbX）基混合等离子体纳米激光器和纳米激光阵列的形成，其具有任意腔形状和可控激光波长。这些表面等离激元振荡器由 MAPbX 钙钛矿纳米片组成，这些纳米片与 Au 图案之间用 10nm 的 SiO 间隔层隔开。与之前的报道不同，这里的表面等离激元振荡器由 Au 图案的边界决定，而不是 MAPbX 纳米片的晶体面。因此，通过将 Au 衬底图案化为圆形和光栅，分别成功地实现了基于 whispering gallery 模式的圆形表面等离激元振荡器和表面等离激元阵列。表面等离激元阵列的标准波长偏差小至 0.3nm。同时，由于 MAPbX 钙钛矿的阴离子可交换性质，通过后合成改变钙钛矿的化学计量，表面等离激元的发射波长可以来回调节超过 100nm。
