Madigan Mariah, Atoui Rony
Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada.
Health Sciences North, Sudbury, ON P3E 5J1, Canada.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2018 Apr 6;5(2):28. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering5020028.
Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although medical and surgical treatments can significantly improve patient outcomes, no treatment currently available is able to generate new contractile tissue or reverse ischemic myocardium. Driven by the recent/novel understanding that regenerative processes do exist in the myocardium-tissue previously thought not to possess regenerative properties-the use of stem cells has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach with high expectations. The literature describes the use of cells from various sources, categorizing them as either embryonic, induced pluripotent, or adult/tissue stem cells (mesenchymal, hematopoietic, skeletal myoblasts, cardiac stem cells). Many publications show the successful use of these cells to regenerate damaged myocardium in both animal and human models; however, more studies are needed to directly compare cells of various origins in efforts to draw conclusions on the ideal source. Although numerous challenges exist in this developing area of research and clinical practice, prospects are encouraging. The following aims to provide a concise review outlining the different types of stem cells used in patients after myocardial infarction.
心肌梗死是全球发病和死亡的主要原因。尽管药物和手术治疗可显著改善患者预后，但目前尚无任何治疗方法能够生成新的收缩组织或逆转缺血心肌。鉴于最近/新的认识，即心肌组织中确实存在再生过程——而该组织此前被认为不具备再生特性——干细胞的应用已成为一种前景广阔、备受期待的治疗方法。文献描述了使用来自各种来源的细胞，并将它们分类为胚胎干细胞、诱导多能干细胞或成体/组织干细胞（间充质干细胞、造血干细胞、骨骼肌成肌细胞、心脏干细胞）。许多出版物表明，在动物和人类模型中成功使用这些细胞来再生受损心肌；然而，需要更多研究来直接比较各种来源的细胞，以便就理想来源得出结论。尽管在这个研究和临床实践的发展领域存在众多挑战，但前景令人鼓舞。以下旨在简要综述心肌梗死后患者使用的不同类型干细胞。
