Department of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Nutrients. 2018 Apr 6;10(4):456. doi: 10.3390/nu10040456.
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder that predisposes an individual to Cardiovascular Diseases and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Proteomics and bioinformatics have proven to be an effective tool to study complex diseases and mechanisms of action of nutrients. We previously showed that substitution of the majority of carbohydrate in a high fat diet by purple potatoes (PP) or purple carrots (PC) improved insulin sensitivity and hypertension in an animal model of MetS (obese Zucker rats) compared to a control sucrose-rich diet. In the current study, we used TMT 10plex mass tag combined with LC-MS/MS technique to study proteomic modulation in the liver ( = 3 samples/diet) and adipose tissue ( = 3 samples/diet) of high fat diet-fed rats with or without substituting sucrose for purple vegetables, followed by functional enrichment analysis, in an attempt to elucidate potential molecular mechanisms responsible for the phenotypic changes seen with purple vegetable feeding. Protein folding, lipid metabolism and cholesterol efflux were identified as the main modulated biological themes in adipose tissue, whereas lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and oxidative stress were the main modulated themes in liver. We propose that enhanced protein folding, increased cholesterol efflux and higher free fatty acid (FFA) re-esterification are mechanisms by which PP and PC positively modulate MetS pathologies in adipose tissue, whereas, decreased lipogenesis, oxidative stress and FFA uptake, are responsible for the beneficial effects in liver. In conclusion, we provide molecular evidence for the reported metabolic health benefits of purple carrots and potatoes and validate that these vegetables are good choices to replace other simple carbohydrate sources for better metabolic health.
代谢综合征（MetS）是一种复杂的疾病，使个体易患心血管疾病和 2 型糖尿病。蛋白质组学和生物信息学已被证明是研究复杂疾病和营养作用机制的有效工具。我们之前的研究表明，用紫薯（PP）或紫胡萝卜（PC）替代高脂肪饮食中的大部分碳水化合物，可改善代谢综合征动物模型（肥胖 Zucker 大鼠）的胰岛素敏感性和高血压，与对照蔗糖丰富饮食相比。在当前的研究中，我们使用 TMT 10plex 质量标签与 LC-MS/MS 技术相结合，研究高脂肪饮食喂养的大鼠肝脏（= 3 个样本/饮食）和脂肪组织（= 3 个样本/饮食）中的蛋白质组学调节，然后进行功能富集分析，试图阐明与紫蔬菜喂养相关的表型变化的潜在分子机制。蛋白质折叠、脂质代谢和胆固醇外排被确定为脂肪组织中主要调节的生物学主题，而脂质代谢、碳水化合物代谢和氧化应激是肝脏中主要调节的主题。我们提出，增强蛋白质折叠、增加胆固醇外排和增加游离脂肪酸（FFA）再酯化是 PP 和 PC 积极调节脂肪组织代谢综合征病理的机制，而减少脂肪生成、氧化应激和 FFA 摄取则是肝脏有益作用的原因。总之，我们为紫胡萝卜和土豆所报道的代谢健康益处提供了分子证据，并验证了这些蔬菜是替代其他简单碳水化合物来源以获得更好代谢健康的良好选择。
