Ayoub Hala M, McDonald Mary Ruth, Sullivan James Alan, Tsao Rong, Platt Mathew, Simpson Jeremy, Meckling Kelly A
1 Department of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences, University of Guelph , Guelph, Canada .
2 Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph , Guelph, Canada .
J Med Food. 2017 Dec;20(12):1240-1249. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0025. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
Consumption of highly colored fruits and vegetables rich in anthocyanins has been associated with numerous health benefits. Purple carrots (PC) and purple potatoes (PP) have higher anthocyanin concentrations and higher biological activities compared with less pigmented cultivars. We hypothesized that substitution of the majority of carbohydrate in a high fat diet with PP or PC, for 8 weeks, would improve insulin resistance and hypertension, major components of metabolic syndrome, compared with orange carrots (OC), white potatoes (WP) or a control, high fat, sucrose-rich diet (HFD) in obese Zucker rats. After 8 weeks of feeding, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (ipITT), and invasive hemodynamic tests were performed. The PP group had better glucose tolerance compared with the WP and the HFD groups and higher insulin sensitivity as measured by the ipITT and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (P = .018) compared with the HFD without having any effect on blood pressure. The PC reduced left ventricular pressure compared with both the HFD (P = .01) and the OC (P = .049) groups and reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressures compared with the HFD group (P = .01 and <.0001, respectively) without having any effect on glucose homeostasis. The PC animals consumed more and were more obese than other groups, possibly obscuring any benefit of this vegetable on glucose tolerance. The bioactives in the vegetables responsible for blood pressure and glucose homeostasis could be different, and their effects could be independent of each other. The specific bioactives of each vegetable and their molecular targets remain to be identified. Nonetheless, incorporation of purple vegetables in functional food products may provide metabolic/cardiovascular benefits in the background of a high-fat diet that promotes obesity.
食用富含花青素的高色素水果和蔬菜对健康有诸多益处。与色素含量较低的品种相比，紫胡萝卜（PC）和紫土豆（PP）的花青素浓度更高，生物活性也更高。我们推测，在肥胖的 Zucker 大鼠中，用 PP 或 PC 替代高脂肪饮食中的大部分碳水化合物 8 周，与橙色胡萝卜（OC）、白土豆（WP）或对照高脂肪、高蔗糖饮食（HFD）相比，将改善胰岛素抵抗和高血压，这是代谢综合征的主要组成部分。喂养 8 周后，进行腹腔葡萄糖耐量试验、腹腔胰岛素耐量试验（ipITT）和有创血流动力学试验。与 WP 组和 HFD 组相比，PP 组具有更好的葡萄糖耐量，通过 ipITT 和胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估测量，其胰岛素敏感性更高（P = 0.018），与 HFD 组相比，对血压没有任何影响。与 HFD 组（P = 0.01）和 OC 组（P = 0.049）相比，PC 降低了左心室压力，与 HFD 组相比，收缩压和舒张压降低（分别为 P = 0.01 和<0.0001），对葡萄糖稳态没有任何影响。PC 组的动物比其他组消耗更多且更肥胖，这可能掩盖了这种蔬菜对葡萄糖耐量的任何益处。蔬菜中负责血压和葡萄糖稳态的生物活性成分可能不同，它们的作用可能相互独立。每种蔬菜的具体生物活性成分及其分子靶点仍有待确定。尽管如此，在促进肥胖的高脂肪饮食背景下，将紫色蔬菜纳入功能性食品可能会带来代谢/心血管益处。
