尼帕病毒感染。
Nipah Virus Infection.
机构信息
Department of Infectious Diseases, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore.
出版信息
J Clin Microbiol. 2018 May 25;56(6). doi: 10.1128/JCM.01875-17. Print 2018 Jun.
Abstract
Nipah virus, a paramyxovirus related to Hendra virus, first emerged in Malaysia in 1998. Clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic infection to fatal encephalitis. Malaysia has had no more cases since 1999, but outbreaks continue to occur in Bangladesh and India. In the Malaysia-Singapore outbreak, transmission occurred primarily through contact with pigs, whereas in Bangladesh and India, it is associated with ingestion of contaminated date palm sap and human-to-human transmission. Bats are the main reservoir for this virus, which can cause disease in humans and animals. There are currently no effective therapeutics, and supportive care and prevention are the mainstays of management.
摘要
尼帕病毒是一种副黏液病毒，与亨德拉病毒有关，于 1998 年在马来西亚首次出现。临床表现从无症状感染到致命性脑炎不等。自 1999 年以来，马来西亚再没有出现病例，但孟加拉国和印度仍持续爆发疫情。在马来西亚-新加坡的疫情中，传播主要通过接触猪而发生，而在孟加拉国和印度，它与摄入受污染的枣椰树汁液以及人与人之间的传播有关。蝙蝠是这种病毒的主要宿主，它可以导致人类和动物患病。目前尚无有效的治疗方法，支持性治疗和预防是治疗的主要方法。
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