Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Sci Rep. 2016 Aug 3;6:30916. doi: 10.1038/srep30916.
Nipah virus (NiV) is a paramyxovirus that causes severe disease in humans and animals. There are two distinct strains of NiV, Malaysia (NiVM) and Bangladesh (NiVB). Differences in transmission patterns and mortality rates suggest that NiVB may be more pathogenic than NiVM. To investigate pathogenic differences between strains, 4 African green monkeys (AGM) were exposed to NiVM and 4 AGMs were exposed to NiVB. While NiVB was uniformly lethal, only 50% of NiVM-infected animals succumbed to infection. Histopathology of lungs and spleens from NiVB-infected AGMs was significantly more severe than NiVM-infected animals. Importantly, a second study utilizing 11 AGMs showed that the therapeutic window for human monoclonal antibody m102.4, previously shown to rescue AGMs from NiVM infection, was much shorter in NiVB-infected AGMs. Together, these data show that NiVB is more pathogenic in AGMs under identical experimental conditions and suggests that postexposure treatments may need to be NiV strain specific for optimal efficacy.
尼帕病毒（NiV）是一种副黏病毒，可导致人类和动物患上严重疾病。有两种截然不同的尼帕病毒株，马来西亚（NiVM）和孟加拉国（NiVB）。传播模式和死亡率的差异表明，NiVB 可能比 NiVM 更具致病性。为了研究病毒株之间的致病差异，将 4 只非洲绿猴（AGM）暴露于 NiVM 下，将另外 4 只 AGM 暴露于 NiVB 下。虽然 NiVB 具有均一的致死性，但仅有 50%的 NiVM 感染动物死于感染。NiVB 感染的 AGM 的肺和脾组织病理学明显比 NiVM 感染的动物更严重。重要的是，第二项利用 11 只 AGM 的研究表明，先前显示可拯救 NiVM 感染的 AGM 的人源单克隆抗体 m102.4 的治疗窗口期在 NiVB 感染的 AGM 中要短得多。这些数据共同表明，在相同的实验条件下，NiVB 在 AGM 中更具致病性，并表明暴露后治疗可能需要针对特定的尼帕病毒株，以达到最佳疗效。
