Zhang Ke, Fan Yubo, Dunne Nicholas, Li Xiaoming
Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 102402, China.
Regen Biomater. 2018 Mar;5(2):115-124. doi: 10.1093/rb/rby001. Epub 2018 Feb 5.
Microporosity has a critical role in improving the osteogenesis of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Although the exact mechanism, by which it promotes new bone formation, is not well recognized yet, the related hypothesis can be found in many previous studies. This review presents those possible mechanisms about how the microporosity enhances the osteogenic-related functions of cells and the osteogenic activity of scaffolds . In summary, the increased specific surface areas by microporosity can offer more protein adsorption sites and accelerate the release of degradation products, which facilitate the interactions between scaffolds and cells. Meanwhile, the unique surface properties of microporous scaffolds have a considerable effect on the protein adsorption. Moreover, capillary force generated by the microporosity can improve the attachment of bone-related cells on the scaffolds surface, and even make the cells achieve penetration into the micropores smaller than them. This review also pays attention to the relationship between the biological and mechanical properties of microporous scaffolds. Although lots of achievements have been obtained, there is still a lot of work to do, some of which has been proposed in the conclusions and perspectives part.
微孔结构在改善骨组织工程支架的成骨作用方面起着关键作用。尽管其促进新骨形成的确切机制尚未得到充分认识，但相关假说在许多先前的研究中都能找到。本文综述了微孔结构增强细胞成骨相关功能以及支架成骨活性的可能机制。综上所述，微孔结构增加的比表面积可提供更多蛋白质吸附位点并加速降解产物的释放，从而促进支架与细胞之间的相互作用。同时，微孔支架独特的表面性质对蛋白质吸附有显著影响。此外，微孔结构产生的毛细作用力可改善骨相关细胞在支架表面的附着，甚至使细胞能够穿透比自身小的微孔。本文还关注了微孔支架生物学和力学性能之间的关系。尽管已取得诸多成果，但仍有大量工作要做，其中一些在结论与展望部分已被提出。
