Tantawiwattananon Nitipan, Chiangson Tippa, Rattanavibul Kamolphan, Sakdajiwajaroen Verachai, Iamsirithaworn Sopon, Suanngam Ladawan, Sonthisirikrit Sarintorn, Nuansrichay Bundit, Sangkharak Bencharong, Rojanadilok Prateep, Padungtod Pawin
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2017 Jan;48(1):37-44.
Live-bird markets have been implicated in transmission of avian influenza viruses, most recently of influenza A (H7N9) in China. Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses, such as H7N9, cause asymptomatic infections in poultry, and active surveillance is required to detect infection and to prevent transmission to humans. Although limited numbers of live birds for consumption are sold in Bangkok live bird markets (LBM), transmission of H7N9 in nearby China has prompted a program of active surveillance for avian influenza in Bangkok LBM to determine LPAI viruses. In November 2013, Bangkok One Health team organized avian influenza surveillance in all nine districts of Bangkok with LBMs. Oropharyngeal swabs (n = 834), sera (n = 375) and fresh feces (n = 420) were taken from 400 chickens, 20 ducks, 20 geese and 394 pet birds from 75/87 shops. Additionally, drinking water (n = 208) and waste water (n = 26) were collected. Samples were tested for influenza A viruses using RT-PCR. In addition, samples were inoculated in eggs and tested by hemagglutination (HA) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays using H5N1- and H7N9-specific antigens. Sera were tested by HI assay using similar antigens. No sample was found positive for influenza A virus. These data provide evidence that avian influenza viruses, including LPAI viruses such as H7N9, were not circulating in Bangkok LBMs during the period surveyed.
活禽市场被认为与禽流感病毒的传播有关，最近在中国发生的甲型H7N9流感疫情就是例证。低致病性禽流感（LPAI）病毒，如H7N9，在家禽中会引起无症状感染，因此需要进行主动监测以检测感染情况并防止病毒传播给人类。尽管曼谷的活禽市场（LBM）出售的供食用活禽数量有限，但中国境内H7N9的传播促使曼谷开展了一项活禽市场禽流感主动监测计划，以确定低致病性禽流感病毒的情况。2013年11月，曼谷“同一健康”团队在曼谷所有9个设有活禽市场的区组织了禽流感监测。从75/87家店铺的400只鸡、20只鸭、20只鹅和394只宠物鸟身上采集了咽拭子（n = 834）、血清（n = 375）和新鲜粪便（n = 420）。此外，还收集了饮用水（n = 208）和废水（n = 26）。使用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测样本中的甲型流感病毒。此外，将样本接种到鸡蛋中，并使用H5N1和H7N9特异性抗原通过血凝试验（HA）和血凝抑制试验（HI）进行检测。血清也使用类似抗原通过HI试验进行检测。未发现任何样本的甲型流感病毒呈阳性。这些数据证明，在所调查期间，包括H7N9等低致病性禽流感病毒在内的禽流感病毒在曼谷的活禽市场中并未传播。
