The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Zeist, 3700 AJ, The Netherlands.
Retired.
Toxicol Sci. 2018 Jul 1;164(1):31-38. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy085.
The thoracic cavities receive increasing attention in toxicology, because inhaled fibers and (nano)particles can reach these cavities and challenge the local lymphoid tissues. The thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are controlled by the serosal immune system with its special, loosely organized lymphoid clusters, namely the fat-associated lymphoid clusters and milky spots, which together can be denoted as serosa-associated lymphoid clusters. These clusters house numerous innate lymphoid cells, namely the nonconventional, innate B lymphoid cell and innate lymphocyte type 2 populations. The fat depots in the thorax play a significant role in the serosal immunity, and they can be modulated by health issues such as metabolic syndrome. The serosal immune system operates in a unique way at the interface of the innate and acquired immunity and therefore exposure-related modulation of the system may have a distinct impact on the body's immunity. To add to the investigation of the serosal immune system in the thorax, this review describes the (micro)anatomy of the immune system in relation to exposure, with a focus on the rat and mouse as preferred species in toxicology and immunology.
胸腔在毒理学中受到越来越多的关注，因为吸入的纤维和（纳米）颗粒可以到达这些腔室，并挑战局部淋巴组织。胸腔和腹盆腔由浆膜免疫系统控制，其具有特殊的、松散组织的淋巴簇，即脂肪相关淋巴簇和乳斑，它们共同被称为浆膜相关淋巴簇。这些簇中存在大量先天淋巴细胞，即非常规先天 B 淋巴细胞和先天淋巴细胞 2 型群体。胸腔中的脂肪储存对浆膜免疫起着重要作用，并且可以通过代谢综合征等健康问题进行调节。浆膜免疫系统在先天免疫和获得性免疫的界面上以独特的方式运作，因此，与暴露相关的系统调节可能对身体的免疫力产生明显影响。为了进一步研究胸腔中的浆膜免疫系统，本综述描述了与暴露相关的免疫系统的（微观）解剖结构，重点是作为毒理学和免疫学首选物种的大鼠和小鼠。
