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为谁谋利?评《心理传记学特刊》(2017 年)。

For whose benefit? Comment on the psychobiography special section (2017).

机构信息

Department of Arts and Sciences, Providence University College.

出版信息

Am Psychol. 2018 Apr;73(3):286-287. doi: 10.1037/amp0000234.

Abstract

This commentary addresses a recent special section on psychobiography that appeared in the pages of the July-August 2017 . The claims made by the authors of these articles raise a number of serious ethical, scientific, and historical concerns about psychobiography. These concerns include the potential public harm from the indiscriminate analysis of public figures; the inherent problem of publicly analyzing individuals without their participation or consent; overly deterministic conclusions of such analyses; difficulties analyzing figures from a distance and in retrospect; the impossibility of validating psychological theories through singular accounts; the presumption that psychological knowledge is ahistorical; the highly selective nature of psychobiography; and a focus on largely White, male figures as historically significant. These issues highlight the potential risks of this approach for both individuals under analysis and the broader public, while also questioning the professed benefit of psychobiography to psychological science and its value to historical scholarship. (PsycINFO Database Record

摘要

这篇评论针对的是 2017 年 7 月至 8 月刊登在《心理传记学》专刊上的一篇关于心理传记学的近期专题文章。这些文章的作者提出了一些关于心理传记学的严重的伦理、科学和历史问题。这些问题包括对公众人物不加区分地进行分析可能带来的公众危害;在没有个人参与或同意的情况下对个人进行公开分析的固有问题;这种分析得出的过于决定论的结论;从远处和回顾中分析人物的困难;通过单一的叙述来验证心理理论的不可能性;假设心理知识是没有历史的;心理传记学的高度选择性;以及关注历史上重要的白人、男性人物。这些问题凸显了这种方法对被分析的个人和更广泛的公众都可能带来的风险,同时也对心理传记学对心理科学的益处及其对历史学术的价值提出了质疑。

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