Seibel Bruna L, de Brito Silva Bruno, Fontanari Anna M V, Catelan Ramiro F, Bercht Ana M, Stucky Juliana L, DeSousa Diogo A, Cerqueira-Santos Elder, Nardi Henrique C, Koller Silvia H, Costa Angelo B
Departamento de Psicologia, Faculdade Cesuca, Cachoeirinha, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Front Psychol. 2018 Mar 27;9:399. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00399. eCollection 2018.
Research involving transgender and gender diverse people (TGD) increased in the last years, mostly concerning healthcare associated to this population. Few studies dedicated their analysis to the impact of parental support on transgender people, even though this is an important aspect in creating a safe environment on which these individuals can build their identity. In addition, the link between family support, TGD identity and homelessness is not completely established. Thus, due to the specificities of the family context of TGD individuals, the aim of this study is to investigate the association between family support and TGD in different moments of the process of gender affirmation. In addition, this study also aims to explore the relationship between a lack of social support and low self-esteem, home abandonment, and dwelling in the street. The survey was designed based on the TransPULSE project and was made available in electronic format. The sample was constituted of 423 TGD residents in two Brazilian states. A Structural Equation Model analysis suggested that the impact of gender affirmation status on homelessness was mediated by parental support, through self-esteem, and the need to move from home. The association between the status of the gender affirmation procedures, family support and self-esteem was significant and indicated that the further TGD individuals advanced in gender affirmation, the more self-esteem and family support they would have. The association between family support and self-esteem indicated that family support was associated with higher self-esteem. Low family support was associated with the willingness to move from home due to one's TGD status and there was also a significant correlation between low self-esteem and the willingness to move from home due to one's TGD status. Finally, homelessness was associated with the willingness to move with a large effect size. Limitations include the sample that was constituted by individuals with Internet access and who had more contact with TGD communities. The findings indicate directions for interventions involving TGD people and their families, considering the parental relationship as a critical variable to improve TGD quality of life in the process of gender affirmation.
近年来，涉及跨性别者和性别多样化人群（TGD）的研究有所增加，主要涉及与该群体相关的医疗保健。尽管父母的支持是为这些个体创造一个安全环境以构建其身份认同的重要方面，但很少有研究专门分析其对跨性别者的影响。此外，家庭支持、TGD身份认同与无家可归之间的联系尚未完全确立。因此，鉴于TGD个体家庭背景的特殊性，本研究旨在调查在性别确认过程的不同阶段家庭支持与TGD之间的关联。此外，本研究还旨在探讨社会支持缺失与自卑、家庭遗弃和街头流浪之间的关系。该调查基于跨性别者脉搏项目设计，并以电子形式提供。样本由巴西两个州的423名TGD居民组成。结构方程模型分析表明，性别确认状态对无家可归的影响是通过父母支持、自尊以及离家需求来介导的。性别确认程序状态、家庭支持和自尊之间的关联显著，表明TGD个体在性别确认方面进展越深入，他们拥有的自尊和家庭支持就越多。家庭支持与自尊之间的关联表明，家庭支持与更高的自尊相关。家庭支持不足与因TGD身份而离家的意愿相关，自卑与因TGD身份而离家的意愿之间也存在显著相关性。最后，无家可归与离家意愿之间存在显著关联，效应量较大。局限性包括样本由有互联网接入且与TGD社区有更多接触的个体组成。研究结果为涉及TGD人群及其家庭的干预措施指明了方向，将亲子关系视为改善TGD在性别确认过程中生活质量的关键变量。
