Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
Adv Mater. 2018 Jun;30(26):e1707189. doi: 10.1002/adma.201707189. Epub 2018 Apr 15.
In recent decades, researchers have devoted tremendous effort into the rational design and controlled synthesis of metal nanomaterials with well-defined size, morphology, composition, and structure, and great achievements have been reached. However, the crystal-phase engineering of metal nanomaterials still remains a big challenge. Recent research has revealed that the crystal phase of metal nanomaterials can significantly alter their properties, arising from the distinct atomic arrangement and modified electronic structure. Until now, it has been relatively uncommon to synthesize metal nanomaterials with novel crystal phases in spite of the fact that these nanostructures would be promising for various applications. Here, the research progress regarding the fine control of noble metal (Au, Ag, Ru, Rh, Pd) and non-noble metal (Fe, Co, Ni) nanomaterials with novel crystal phases is reviewed. First, synthesis strategies and their phase transformations are summarized, while highlighting the peculiar characteristics of each element. The phase-dependent properties are then discussed by providing representative examples. Finally, the challenges and perspectives in this emerging field are proposed.
近几十年来，研究人员致力于具有明确尺寸、形态、组成和结构的金属纳米材料的合理设计和可控合成，并取得了巨大的成就。然而，金属纳米材料的晶相工程仍然是一个巨大的挑战。最近的研究表明，金属纳米材料的晶体相可以显著改变它们的性质，这源于不同的原子排列和修饰的电子结构。到目前为止，尽管这些纳米结构在各种应用中很有前途，但合成具有新颖晶体相的金属纳米材料仍然相对少见。在此，综述了贵金属（金、银、钌、铑、钯）和非贵金属（铁、钴、镍）纳米材料的精细控制及其新颖晶体相的研究进展。首先，总结了合成策略及其相转变，并突出了每个元素的独特特征。然后通过提供代表性实例讨论了与相有关的性质。最后，提出了这一新兴领域的挑战和展望。
