伊朗的啮齿动物传播疾病及其公共卫生重要性。
Rodent-borne diseases and their public health importance in Iran.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018 Apr 19;12(4):e0006256. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006256. eCollection 2018 Apr.
BACKGROUND
Rodents are reservoirs and hosts for several zoonotic diseases such as plague, leptospirosis, and leishmaniasis. Rapid development of industry and agriculture, as well as climate change throughout the globe, has led to change or increase in occurrence of rodent-borne diseases. Considering the distribution of rodents throughout Iran, the aim of this review is to assess the risk of rodent-borne diseases in Iran.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDING: We searched Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Magiran databases up to September 2016 to obtain articles reporting occurrence of rodent-borne diseases in Iran and extract information from them. Out of 70 known rodent-borne diseases, 34 were reported in Iran: 17 (50%) parasitic diseases, 13 (38%) bacterial diseases, and 4 (12%) viral diseases. Twenty-one out of 34 diseases were reported from both humans and rodents. Among the diseases reported in the rodents of Iran, plague, leishmaniasis, and hymenolepiasis were the most frequent. The most infected rodents were Rattus norvegicus (16 diseases), Mus musculus (14 diseases), Rattus rattus (13 diseases), Meriones persicus (7 diseases), Apodemus spp. (5 diseases), Tatera indica (4 diseases), Meriones libycus (3 diseases), Rhombomys opimus (3 diseases), Cricetulus migratorius (3 diseases), and Nesokia indica (2 diseases).
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The results of this review indicate the importance of rodent-borne diseases in Iran. Considering notable diversity of rodents and their extensive distribution throughout the country, it is crucial to pay more attention to their role in spreading infectious diseases for better control of the diseases.
背景
啮齿动物是鼠疫、钩端螺旋体病和利什曼病等几种人畜共患疾病的储存宿主和宿主。全球范围内工业和农业的快速发展以及气候变化，导致了啮齿动物传播疾病的发生或增加。考虑到啮齿动物在伊朗的分布，本综述的目的是评估伊朗啮齿动物传播疾病的风险。
方法/主要发现：我们在 Google Scholar、PubMed、Science Direct、科学信息数据库（SID）和 Magiran 数据库中搜索了截至 2016 年 9 月的文章，以获取报告伊朗啮齿动物传播疾病发生情况的文章，并从中提取信息。在已知的 70 种啮齿动物传播疾病中，有 34 种在伊朗有报告：17 种（50%）寄生虫病、13 种（38%）细菌性疾病和 4 种（12%）病毒性疾病。在伊朗的人类和啮齿动物中报告了 21 种疾病。在伊朗啮齿动物中报告的疾病中，鼠疫、利什曼病和类圆线虫病最为常见。感染最多的啮齿动物是挪威鼠（16 种疾病）、小家鼠（14 种疾病）、褐家鼠（13 种疾病）、沙漠田鼠（7 种疾病）、艾氏田鼠（5 种疾病）、印度长尾鼩（4 种疾病）、利比亚田鼠（3 种疾病）、岩沙鼠（3 种疾病）、黑线仓鼠（3 种疾病）和印度长尾鼩（2 种疾病）。
结论/意义：本综述的结果表明，伊朗的啮齿动物传播疾病很重要。考虑到啮齿动物种类繁多，分布广泛，因此必须更加注意它们在传播传染病方面的作用，以便更好地控制这些疾病。
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