University of Maryland, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 2218 Jeong H.Kim Engineering Building, College Park, MD 20742, United States.
National Institute of Health, National Cancer Institute, Molecular Imaging Program, Bldg 10, Room B3B47, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, United States.
J Control Release. 2018 Jun 10;279:171-180. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.04.027. Epub 2018 Apr 16.
As a novel low-side-effect cancer therapy, photo-immunotherapy (PIT) is based on conjugating monoclonal antibody (mAb) with a near-infrared (NIR) phthalocyanine dye IRDye700DX (IR 700). IR700 is not only fluorescent to be used as an imaging agent, but also phototoxic. When illuminating with NIR light, PIT can induce highly-selective cancer cell death while leaving most of tumor blood vessels unharmed, leading to an effect termed super-enhanced permeability and retention (SUPR), which can significantly improve the effectiveness of anti-cancer drug. Currently, the therapeutic effects of PIT are monitored using 2D macroscopic fluorescence reflectance imager, which lacks the resolution and depth information to reveal the 3D distribution of mAb-IR700. In the study, we applied a multi-modal optical imaging approach including high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) and high-sensitivity fluorescence laminar optical tomography (FLOT), to provide 3D tumor micro-structure and micro-distribution of mAb-IR700 in the tumor simultaneously during PIT in situ and in vivo. The multi-wavelength FLOT can also provide the blood vessels morphology of the tumor. Thus, the 3D FLOT reconstructed images allow us to evaluate the IR700 fluorescence distribution change with respect to the blood vessels and at different tumor locations/depths non-invasively, thereby enabling evaluation of the therapeutic effects in vivo and optimization of treatment regimens accordingly. The mAb-IR700 can access more tumor areas after PIT treatment, which can be explained by increased vascular permeability immediately after NIR-PIT. Two-photon microscopy was also used to record the mAb-IR700 on the tumor surface near the blood vessels to verify the results.
作为一种新型的低副作用癌症治疗方法,光免疫疗法(PIT)基于将单克隆抗体(mAb)与近红外(NIR)酞菁染料 IRDye700DX(IR 700)偶联。IR700 不仅具有荧光性,可用作成像剂,而且具有光毒性。当用近红外光照射时,PIT 可以诱导高度选择性的癌细胞死亡,同时使大多数肿瘤血管不受伤害,导致所谓的超增强通透性和保留(SUPR)效应,从而显著提高抗癌药物的疗效。目前,PIT 的治疗效果是通过使用 2D 宏观荧光反射成像仪进行监测的,该成像仪缺乏分辨率和深度信息,无法揭示 mAb-IR700 的 3D 分布。在这项研究中,我们应用了一种多模态光学成像方法,包括高分辨率光学相干断层扫描(OCT)和高灵敏度荧光层光学断层扫描(FLOT),以提供原位和体内 PIT 过程中肿瘤内 mAb-IR700 的 3D 肿瘤微结构和微分布。多波长 FLOT 还可以提供肿瘤的血管形态。因此,3D FLOT 重建图像使我们能够在不侵入的情况下,评估血管和不同肿瘤位置/深度处的 IR700 荧光分布变化,从而能够在体内评估治疗效果并相应地优化治疗方案。PIT 治疗后,mAb-IR700 可以进入更多的肿瘤区域,这可以用 NIR-PIT 后立即增加的血管通透性来解释。我们还使用双光子显微镜记录肿瘤表面靠近血管的 mAb-IR700,以验证结果。
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