School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Soil and Environmental Sciences Division, Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Aug 30;158:139-144. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.04.022. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
The agricultural soil contaminated with heavy metals induces toxic effects on plant growth. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of vanadium (V) on growth, HO and enzyme activities, cell death, ion leakage, and at which concentration; V induces the toxic effects in chickpea plants grown in red soil. The obtained results indicated that the biomass (fresh and dry) and lengths of roots and shoots were significantly decreased by V application, and roots accumulated more V than shoots. The enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, and POD) and ion leakage were increased linearly with increasing V concentrations. However, the protein contents, and tolerance indices were significantly declined with the increasing levels of V. The results about the cell death indicated that the cell viability was badly damaged when plants were exposed to higher V, and induction of HO might be involved in this cell death. In conclusion, all the applied V levels affected the enzymatic activities, and induced the cell death of chickpea plants. Furthermore, our results also confirmed that vanadium ≥ 130 mg kg induced detrimental effects on chickpea plants. Additional investigation is needed to clarify the mechanistic explanations of V toxicity at the molecular level and gene expression involved in plant cell death.
受重金属污染的农业土壤会对植物生长产生毒害作用。本研究旨在评估钒（V）对生长、HO 和酶活性、细胞死亡、离子渗漏的影响，以及在何种浓度下 V 会对生长在红壤中的鹰嘴豆植株产生毒害作用。结果表明，V 的施加显著降低了生物量（鲜重和干重）、根和茎的长度，并且根部比茎部积累了更多的 V。酶活性（SOD、CAT 和 POD）和离子渗漏随 V 浓度的增加呈线性增加。然而，蛋白质含量和耐受指数随 V 水平的增加而显著下降。关于细胞死亡的结果表明，当植物暴露于更高水平的 V 时，细胞活力受到严重破坏，HO 的诱导可能参与了这种细胞死亡。总之，所有施加的 V 水平都影响了鹰嘴豆植株的酶活性，并诱导了其细胞死亡。此外，我们的结果还证实，钒（V）≥130mg/kg 会对鹰嘴豆植株产生有害影响。需要进一步的研究来阐明 V 毒性在分子水平上的机制解释以及与植物细胞死亡相关的基因表达。
