Donnelly Tam Truong, Fung Tak Shing, Al-Thani Al-Anoud Bint Mohammad
Faculty of Nursing and Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Research Computing Services, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
BMJ Open. 2018 Apr 20;8(4):e019980. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019980.
Physical inactivity and unhealthy diets increase the risk for diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Many people in Qatar are sedentary and consume diets high in fats, salt and sugar. The purpose of this study was to determine physical activity levels, food habits and understand the variables that might predict physical activity and healthy eating behaviours among Arabic-speaking adults living in the State of Qatar.
A cross-sectional community-based survey was conducted with 1606 Arab adults ≥18 years of age from March 2013 to June 2015. Using a non-probability sampling technique, participants were recruited from three universities and five primary healthcare centres in Qatar. Participants were interviewed using a structured survey questionnaire. The survey included questions regarding demography, clinical characteristics and the participant's daily dietary practice. Physical activity level was assessed by the Arabic version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS V.22.0.
Of 1606 participants, 50.1% were men and 49.9% were women. The participants' mean (SD) body mass index was 28.03 (5.85) Kg/m. Two-thirds of the participants were either overweight (36.4%) or obese (33.6%). Within the 7 days prior to completing the questionnaire, 64% and 39.9% of study participants did not engage in vigorous or moderate physical activity, respectively. Within the 7 days prior to completing the questionnaire, the mean (SD) time for vigorous physical activity was 31.12 (59.28) min, 46.87 (63.01) min for moderate physical activity, and 42.01 (47.04) min for walking. One-third of the participants consumed fresh fruits and vegetables once or more daily, and fish, beef or chicken 2-4 times weekly. One quarter of the participants ate pasta, cakes or pastries 2-4 times weekly, and 40.6% of them ate white bread daily.
Participants exhibited insufficient physical activity and poor dietary habits. There is a need for a nationwide health promotion programme to promote a healthier lifestyle. The information from this study can inform public health policies, programmes and services in Qatar and other Middle Eastern countries.
缺乏体育活动和不健康饮食会增加患糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症的风险。卡塔尔的许多人久坐不动，且饮食中脂肪、盐和糖含量高。本研究的目的是确定居住在卡塔尔国的阿拉伯语成年人群的身体活动水平、饮食习惯，并了解可能预测身体活动和健康饮食行为的变量。
2013年3月至2015年6月，对1606名年龄≥18岁的阿拉伯成年人进行了一项基于社区的横断面调查。采用非概率抽样技术，从卡塔尔的三所大学和五个初级医疗保健中心招募参与者。使用结构化调查问卷对参与者进行访谈。该调查包括有关人口统计学、临床特征和参与者日常饮食习惯的问题。身体活动水平通过国际身体活动问卷阿拉伯语版进行评估。使用SPSS V.22.0进行统计分析。
1606名参与者中，50.1%为男性，49.9%为女性。参与者的平均（标准差）体重指数为28.03（5.85）kg/m²。三分之二的参与者超重（36.4%）或肥胖（33.6%）。在完成问卷前的7天内，分别有64%和39.9%的研究参与者未进行剧烈或适度的体育活动。在完成问卷前的7天内，剧烈体育活动的平均（标准差）时间为31.12（59.28）分钟，适度体育活动为46.87（63.01）分钟，步行活动为42.01（47.04）分钟。三分之一的参与者每天食用一次或多次新鲜水果和蔬菜，每周食用鱼类、牛肉或鸡肉2 - 4次。四分之一的参与者每周食用意大利面、蛋糕或糕点2 - 4次，其中40.6%的人每天食用白面包。
参与者表现出体育活动不足和饮食习惯不良。需要开展一项全国性的健康促进计划，以促进更健康的生活方式。本研究的信息可为卡塔尔和其他中东国家的公共卫生政策、计划和服务提供参考。
