3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1058:53-75. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-76711-6_3.
Considerable advances in tissue engineering and regeneration have been accomplished over the last decade. Bioceramics have been developed to repair, reconstruct, and substitute diseased parts of the body and to promote tissue healing as an alternative to metallic implants. Applications embrace hip, knee, and ligament repair and replacement, maxillofacial reconstruction and augmentation, spinal fusion, bone filler, and repair of periodontal diseases. Bioceramics are well-known for their superior wear resistance, high stiffness, resistance to oxidation, and low coefficient of friction. These specially designed biomaterials are grouped in natural bioceramics (e.g., coral-derived apatites), and synthetic bioceramics, namely bioinert ceramics (e.g., alumina and zirconia), bioactive glasses and glass ceramics, and bioresorbable calcium phosphates-based materials. Physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties, as well as bioceramics applications in diverse fields of tissue engineering are presented herein. Ongoing clinical trials using bioceramics in osteochondral tissue are also considered. Based on the stringent requirements for clinical applications, prospects for the development of advanced functional bioceramics for tissue engineering are highlighted for the future.
在过去的十年中，组织工程和再生领域取得了重大进展。生物陶瓷已经被开发出来，用于修复、重建和替代身体患病的部位，并促进组织愈合，作为金属植入物的替代品。应用范围包括髋关节、膝关节和韧带修复和替换、颌面重建和增强、脊柱融合、骨填充以及牙周病的修复。生物陶瓷以其优异的耐磨性、高硬度、抗氧化性和低摩擦系数而闻名。这些专门设计的生物材料分为天然生物陶瓷（例如珊瑚衍生的磷灰石）和合成生物陶瓷，即生物惰性陶瓷（例如氧化铝和氧化锆）、生物活性玻璃和玻璃陶瓷以及可生物吸收的基于磷酸钙的材料。本文介绍了生物陶瓷的物理化学、机械和生物学特性，以及其在组织工程各个领域的应用。还考虑了正在进行的使用生物陶瓷进行骨软骨组织的临床试验。根据临床应用的严格要求，突出了未来开发用于组织工程的先进功能生物陶瓷的前景。
