Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico.
J Sci Food Agric. 2018 Nov;98(14):5503-5508. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9096. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
A two-year study assessed deficit irrigation options for their effects on water-saving, yield, fruit quality, and postharvest performance of 'Smooth Red' cactus pear. We evaluated: (i) full irrigation (FI), (ii) partial rootzone drying (PRD), (iii) deficit irrigation (DI), and (iv) non-irrigated (NI) treatment as control.
The FI plants had the largest fruit size and the highest yield. PRD and DI plants used irrigation water with the highest efficiency and had the highest water productivity. The NI plants showed the highest water use efficiency in both growing seasons. Compared with FI, the yield was reduced in PRD by 5.5% in 2005 and by 7.8% in 2006. The corresponding reductions for DI were 6.0% and 7.4%, respectively. The NI plants had the lowest percentage of marketable yield. The PRD and DI treatments did not negatively affect fruit quality attributes either at harvest or after storage compared with FI and NI fruits. Fruit water loss tended to be lower in FI, PRD, and DI fruits.
This study was aimed at obtaining the maximum yield per unit of water applied instead of maximizing the yield per unit of area. We therefore recommend PRD or DI as feasible irrigation options for sustainable production of cactus pear. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
一项为期两年的研究评估了亏缺灌溉对节水、产量、果实品质和‘Smooth Red’仙人掌梨采后性能的影响。我们评估了：（i）充分灌溉（FI），（ii）部分根区干燥（PRD），（iii）亏缺灌溉（DI）和（iv）未灌溉（NI）处理作为对照。
FI 植株的果实最大，产量最高。PRD 和 DI 植株的灌溉用水效率最高，水分生产力最高。在两个生长季节中，NI 植株的水分利用效率最高。与 FI 相比，PRD 在 2005 年减产 5.5%，在 2006 年减产 7.8%。相应的 DI 减产分别为 6.0%和 7.4%。NI 植株的商品产量最低。与 FI 和 NI 果实相比，PRD 和 DI 处理对果实品质特性在收获时或贮藏后均无负面影响。与 FI、PRD 和 DI 果实相比，果实水分损失趋势较低。
本研究旨在获得单位用水量的最大产量，而不是单位面积的最大产量。因此，我们建议 PRD 或 DI 作为可持续生产仙人掌梨的可行灌溉选择。 © 2018 英国化学工业学会。
