Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, UK.
Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK.
Nat Commun. 2018 Apr 24;9(1):1358. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03809-5.
Implicit and explicit biases impede the participation of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematic (STEM) fields. Across career stages, attending conferences and presenting research are ways to spread scientific results, find job opportunities, and gain awards. Here, we present an analysis by gender of the American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting speaking opportunities from 2014 to 2016. We find that women were invited and assigned oral presentations less often than men. However, when we control for career stage, we see similar rates between women and men and women sometimes outperform men. At the same time, women elect for poster presentations more than men. Male primary conveners allocate invited abstracts and oral presentations to women less often and below the proportion of women authors. These results highlight the need to provide equal opportunity to women in speaking roles at scientific conferences as part of the overall effort to advance women in STEM.
隐性和显性偏见阻碍了女性参与科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）领域。在职业发展的各个阶段，参加会议和展示研究成果是传播科学成果、寻找工作机会和获得奖项的途径。在这里，我们分析了 2014 年至 2016 年美国地球物理联盟秋季会议的演讲机会，按性别进行了划分。我们发现，女性被邀请和分配口头报告的机会比男性少。然而，当我们控制职业阶段时，我们发现女性和男性之间的比例相似，有时女性的表现甚至优于男性。与此同时，女性选择展示海报的比例高于男性。主要召集人男性很少将邀请摘要和口头报告分配给女性，而且比例低于女性作者的比例。这些结果凸显了在科学会议上为女性提供平等的演讲机会的必要性，这是提高 STEM 领域女性地位的整体努力的一部分。
