Arora Shweta, Rasania S K, Bachani D, Gandhi Asha, Chhabra S K
Department of Community Medicine, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Department of Physiology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India.
Lung India. 2018 May-Jun;35(3):193-198. doi: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_263_17.
Household and ambient air pollution are jointly responsible for about 7 million premature deaths annually. Women living in slums, with unhealthy environment, both indoors and outdoors, particularly those living close to industrial and/or vehicular pollution zones due to multiple sources of air pollution, are at the higher risk of having impaired lung function tests.
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of abnormal lung functions and to identify the environmental risk factors associated with them among adult women of 18-59 years.
A total of 550 women aged 18-59 years were approached in a representative urban slum. Five hundred consented to participate and 299 had prebronchodilator spirometry satisfying ATS standards. House visits to assess environmental conditions were conducted to determine their association with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). Chi-square test was used to test the association of risk factors with lung functions. ANOVA was used to test the association of mean values of FEV1 and FVC with age.
Out of 299 participants with acceptable spirometric curves, 5% had reduced FEV1/FVC ratio than the normal and 26.8% and 17.4% had lower values than predicted for FVC and FEV1, respectively. Altered lung function was related to age, tobacco smoking, and history of respiratory disease.
Both ambient and household air pollution have a deleterious pulmonary effect on long-term women residents of a representative urban slum in Delhi.
家庭和环境空气污染每年共同导致约700万人过早死亡。生活在贫民窟的妇女，室内和室外环境均不健康，尤其是那些因多种空气污染来源而居住在靠近工业和/或车辆污染区的妇女，肺功能测试受损的风险更高。
本研究旨在估计18 - 59岁成年女性肺功能异常的患病率，并确定与之相关的环境风险因素。
在一个具有代表性的城市贫民窟中，共接触了550名年龄在18 - 59岁的女性。其中500人同意参与，299人进行了符合美国胸科学会（ATS）标准的支气管扩张剂使用前肺量计测试。通过家访评估环境状况，以确定其与1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）和用力肺活量（FVC）的关系。采用卡方检验来检验风险因素与肺功能的关联。采用方差分析来检验FEV1和FVC平均值与年龄的关联。
在299名肺量计曲线合格的参与者中，5%的FEV1/FVC比值低于正常水平，26.8%和17.4%的FVC和FEV1值分别低于预测值。肺功能改变与年龄、吸烟和呼吸系统疾病史有关。
环境和家庭空气污染对德里一个具有代表性城市贫民窟的长期女性居民均有有害的肺部影响。
