Rago Vincenzo, Silva João R, Mohr Magni, Barreira Daniel, Krustrup Peter, Rebelo António N
Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal -
National Sports Medicine Programme Excellence in Football Project, Aspetar-Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2019 Apr;59(4):547-554. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08376-7. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
In Southern European countries it is very frequent to perform medium-sized games (MSG) as last training drill. We analyzed the individual variability and changes in activity patterns during MSG throughout the preseason.
Activity profile during MSGs (10v10+goalkeepers, duration: 10-min, field length: 50 m, width: 90 m, area per player: 204.5 m2) was quantified using a GPS in 14 professional male players (6 defenders, 5 midfielders 5 and attackers).
Inter-individual variability was higher for high-intensity (HIR), very-high speed (VHS), maximum acceleration (Accmax) and maximum deceleration (Decmax) distance (CV=25.2 to 43.3%), compared to total distance (TD), total acceleration (Acctot) and total deceleration (Dectot) distance (CV= 8.3 to 18.3%). Defenders showed higher variability in TD, HIR, VHS, Acctot and Dectot (ES= 1.30 to 11.28) compared to the other field positions, whereas attackers showed higher variability in HIR, VHS Accmax and Decmax (ES=-4.92 to 2.07) than other the field positions. Variability in TD regularly increased (ES= -2.13 to -0.91) towards the end of the preseason, while HIR and VHS variability tended to increase over the 3rd and the 4th preseason week (ES=-0.94 to -3.05). However, the behavior of variability across the preseason period was more unpredictable for Acctot and Dectot, both decreasing in the 3rd week (ES= 0.70 to 1.20), while Decmax increased in the 4th week (ES=-0.91±0.59).
During MSGs, individual variability of activity differs among field positions, and tends to increase with either speed or acceleration intensity, underlining the need of an individualized approach for training load monitoring.
在南欧国家，进行中型比赛（MSG）作为最后一次训练演练非常常见。我们分析了整个季前赛期间MSG过程中个体的变异性以及活动模式的变化。
使用GPS对14名职业男性球员（6名后卫、5名中场球员和5名前锋）在MSG（10对10+守门员，持续时间：10分钟，场地长度：50米，宽度：90米，每名球员面积：204.5平方米）期间的活动情况进行了量化。
与总距离（TD）、总加速度（Acctot）和总减速度（Dectot）距离（CV = 8.3%至18.3%）相比，高强度（HIR）、极高速（VHS）、最大加速度（Accmax）和最大减速度（Decmax）距离的个体间变异性更高（CV = 25.2%至43.3%）。与其他场上位置相比，后卫在TD、HIR、VHS、Acctot和Dectot方面表现出更高的变异性（效应量= 1.30至11.28），而前锋在HIR、VHS、Accmax和Decmax方面表现出比其他场上位置更高的变异性（效应量= -4.92至2.07）。TD的变异性在季前赛接近尾声时通常会增加（效应量= -2.13至-0.91），而HIR和VHS的变异性在季前赛的第3周和第4周趋于增加（效应量= -0.94至-3.05）。然而，Acctot和Dectot在整个季前赛期间变异性的行为更不可预测，两者在第3周均下降（效应量= 0.70至1.20），而Decmax在第4周增加（效应量= -0.91±0.59）。
在MSG期间，活动的个体变异性在不同场上位置之间存在差异，并且倾向于随着速度或加速度强度的增加而增加，这突出了采用个性化方法进行训练负荷监测的必要性。
