细胞对转录阻断型 DNA 损伤的反应。

Mechanisms of Transcription Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.

Trends Biochem Sci. 2018 May;43(5):327-341. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.02.010.

In response to transcription-blocking DNA lesions such as those generated by UV irradiation, cells activate a multipronged DNA damage response. This response encompasses repair of the lesions that stall RNA polymerase (RNAP) but also a poorly understood, genome-wide shutdown of transcription, even of genes that are not damaged. Over the past few years, a number of new results have shed light on this intriguing DNA damage response at the structural, biochemical, cell biological, and systems biology level. In this review we summarize the most important findings.

针对转录阻断性 DNA 损伤，如由紫外线照射产生的损伤，细胞会激活一种多效性的 DNA 损伤反应。该反应包括修复 RNA 聚合酶（RNAP）受阻的损伤，以及对转录的一种尚未完全明了的、全基因组范围的抑制，甚至包括那些未受损的基因。在过去几年中，一些新的研究结果从结构、生化、细胞生物学和系统生物学水平揭示了这种有趣的 DNA 损伤反应。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最重要的发现。