Rocholl M, Ludewig M, Skudlik C, Wilke A
Abteilung Dermatologie, Umweltmedizin und Gesundheitstheorie, Universität Osnabrück, Am Finkenhügel 7a, 49076, Osnabrück, Deutschland.
Institut für interdisziplinäre Dermatologische Prävention und Rehabilitation (iDerm), Universität Osnabrück, Am Finkenhügel 7a, 49076, Osnabrück, Deutschland.
Hautarzt. 2018 Jun;69(6):462-470. doi: 10.1007/s00105-018-4171-0.
In Germany, approximately 2 to 3 million employees work in outdoor professions. They are exceptionally exposed to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation for a large part of their daily working time. Cumulative UV exposure is associated with a significantly increased risk of skin cancer for outdoor workers from various occupational groups (e. g. landscape and horticulture, agriculture and forestry, fisheries and seafaring, construction and trade, as well as sports teachers, lifeguards and mountain guides). Since 1 January 2015, squamous cell carcinoma and multiple actinic keratosis due to natural UV radiation can be recognised as occupational disease No. 5103 by the German statutory social accident insurance. Reducing cumulative UV exposure is the main prevention aspect of this type of skin damage. Therefore, technical, organisational and personal UV protection measures should be implemented in the professional and private environment. Moreover, they have to be regularly used in an appropriate way. In addition to guideline-oriented therapy, training and counselling of patients with already existing actinic skin damage or a recognised occupational disease No. 5103 is therefore of particular importance. The focus should be on improving the individual UV protection behaviour. This article gives an overview of current recommendations for UV protection in the professional environment. It outlines possible solutions for patient counselling in terms of UV protection in everyday practice.
在德国,约有200万至300万员工从事户外职业。他们在日常工作的大部分时间里都特别容易受到太阳紫外线(UV)辐射。累积紫外线暴露与来自各种职业群体(如景观和园艺、农业和林业、渔业和航海、建筑和贸易,以及体育教师、救生员和登山向导)的户外工作者患皮肤癌的风险显著增加有关。自2015年1月1日起,德国法定社会事故保险可将因自然紫外线辐射导致的鳞状细胞癌和多发性光化性角化病认定为职业病第5103号。减少累积紫外线暴露是这类皮肤损伤的主要预防方面。因此,应在职业和私人环境中实施技术、组织和个人紫外线防护措施。此外,必须以适当方式定期使用这些措施。除了遵循指南的治疗外,对已经存在光化性皮肤损伤或已被认定为职业病第5103号的患者进行培训和咨询因此尤为重要。重点应放在改善个人紫外线防护行为上。本文概述了职业环境中当前的紫外线防护建议。它概述了在日常实践中就紫外线防护对患者进行咨询的可能解决方案。