Yin Sha, Zhao Yong Hua, Han Lei, Wang Yao Bin, Cai Jian
College of Earth Sciences and Resources /College of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2016 Dec;27(12):3777-3786. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201612.023.
Landsat TM images of Mt. Qinling in 1984, 2000, 2005, and 2014 were used to extract land use and land cover type by a supervised classification method in ERDAS software. Equivalent factor of ecosystem service value per unit area was revised regionally in temporal and spatial dimensions, and then was modified pixel by pixel using the vegetation coverage. Forest ecosystem service values from 1984 to 2014 were calculated with RS and GIS techniques, and the results were tested by the sensitivity index. The results showed that from 1984 to 2014, forest area accounted for 77% of the study area, and the area changes in cultivated land and construction land were the most obvious. The total ecosystem service value of Mt. Qinling increased annually and by a total of 1.68×10 yuan during the study period. The forest ecosystem service value (its growth rate was the biggest) contributed 93.8% of the overall ecosystem service value, while water and grass ecosystem service value contributed 1.6% and 1.3%, respectively. The ecosystem service value tended to increase with increasing distance from the study area boundary, which was consistent with the spatial distribution and per-unit ecosystem service value of land use types in Mt. Qinling. The annual rate of change of each ecosystem service value was insignificant. Among the four ecosystem functions, the service value of regulation accounted for 62.7%-65.8% of the total ecosystem service value, and the service value of climate regulation showed the most dramatic increase by 4.91×10 yuan over the study period. The sensitivity index was <1, which indicated that the modified service value index was stable and the calculated results were reliable. Overall, the forest ecosystem service value in Mt. Qinling was very large, and strengthening forest protection would be an effective measure for maintaining the stability of the Mt. Qinling ecosystem.
利用1984年、2000年、2005年和2014年秦岭的陆地卫星专题制图仪（TM）影像，通过ERDAS软件中的监督分类方法提取土地利用和土地覆盖类型。对区域单位面积生态系统服务价值当量因子进行时空尺度修正，然后利用植被覆盖度逐像元修正。运用遥感（RS）和地理信息系统（GIS）技术计算1984年至2014年森林生态系统服务价值，并通过灵敏度指数对结果进行检验。结果表明，1984年至2014年，森林面积占研究区的77%，耕地和建设用地面积变化最为明显。秦岭生态系统服务价值总量呈逐年增长趋势，研究期间共增加了1.68×10元。森林生态系统服务价值（增长速率最大）占生态系统服务价值总量的93.8%，而水域和草地生态系统服务价值分别占1.6%和1.3%。生态系统服务价值随距研究区边界距离的增加而增大，这与秦岭土地利用类型的空间分布及单位面积生态系统服务价值相符。各生态系统服务价值的年变化率不显著。在4种生态系统功能中，调节服务价值占生态系统服务价值总量的62.7% - 65.8%，气候调节服务价值在研究期间增长最为显著，增加了4.91×10元。灵敏度指数<1，表明修正后的服务价值指数稳定，计算结果可靠。总体而言，秦岭森林生态系统服务价值巨大，加强森林保护是维持秦岭生态系统稳定的有效措施。
