Zu Yan Qun, Mei Xin Yue, Min Qiang, Su Yuan, Ma Ni, Feng Guang Quan, Li Yuan
College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Department of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2016 Dec;27(12):4013-4021. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201612.040.
Field plot experiments were conducted to study the effect of two-year consecutive As stress [As(V): 0, 20, 80, 140, 200 and 260 mg·kg] on contents of As, saponin and flanovoids, the enzyme activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS), and squalene synthase (SS) in main root, fibrous root and rhizome and shoot, and proteome of three-year old Panax notoginseng in Wenshan prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. The results showed that total saponin content of fibrous root decreased with increase in As treatment concentration. Total saponin contents of shoot and rhizome increased with 140 mg·kg As treatment compared with control. SS activity of rhizome was higher than that of shoot. Flavonoid contents of diffe-rent plant parts decreased with increase in As treatment concentration. With 140 mg·kg As treatment, activities of PAL and CHS in rhizome were higher than that in shoot. CHS activities in shoot and rhizome were lower, and PAL activities were higher than those of the control. As contents in different plant parts of P. notoginseng increased with increase in As treatment concentration. The highest As content was observed in fibrous root. With 140 mg·kg As treatment, twenty-one diffe-rential proteins (ratio >2, P<0.05) were identified in the inoculated compared to the control. The down-regulated proteins included phosphoribulokinase, heat shock protein, NAD(P)-binding rossmann-fold superfamily proteinisoform, monodehydroascorbate reductase and cytochrome b6-f complex iron-sulfur subunit. The up-regulated proteins included CDC27 family protein, acidic endochitinase isoform, symbiosis receptor-like kinase precursor, isoflavone reductase-like protein, phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxyheptonate aldolase, putative protein kinase superfamily protein, malate dehydrogenase, glyoxalase I isoform and glutamine synthetase cytosolic isozyme. In general, with two-year consecutive As stress, As contents in different plant parts of P. notoginseng increased, which not only affected the photosynthesis and energy, but also decreased the antioxidation and resilience, and induced the increased expression of protein involved in detoxication, resulted in decrease in the contents of flavonoid and saponin. The tolerant threshold value of P. notoginseng for As was 140 mg·kg.
在中国云南省文山州，进行了田间小区试验，以研究连续两年施加不同浓度砷胁迫（砷酸根：0、20、80、140、200和260 mg·kg）对三年生三七主根、须根、根茎和地上部分的砷、皂苷和黄酮含量、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、查尔酮合酶（CHS）和鲨烯合酶（SS）的酶活性以及蛋白质组的影响。结果表明，须根中总皂苷含量随砷处理浓度的增加而降低。与对照相比，地上部分和根茎中总皂苷含量在砷处理浓度为140 mg·kg时有所增加。根茎中SS活性高于地上部分。不同植物部位的黄酮含量随砷处理浓度的增加而降低。在砷处理浓度为140 mg·kg时，根茎中PAL和CHS的活性高于地上部分。地上部分和根茎中CHS活性较低，PAL活性高于对照。三七不同植物部位的砷含量随砷处理浓度的增加而增加。须根中砷含量最高。在砷处理浓度为140 mg·kg时，与对照相比，接种组鉴定出21种差异蛋白（比值>2，P<0.05）。下调的蛋白包括磷酸核酮糖激酶、热休克蛋白、NAD(P)-结合罗斯曼折叠超家族蛋白异构体、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶和细胞色素b6-f复合体铁硫亚基。上调的蛋白包括CDC27家族蛋白、酸性内切几丁质酶异构体、共生受体样激酶前体、异黄酮还原酶样蛋白、磷酸-2-脱氢-3-脱氧庚酮酸醛缩酶、推定的蛋白激酶超家族蛋白、苹果酸脱氢酶、乙二醛酶I异构体和谷氨酰胺合成酶胞质异构体。总体而言，连续两年砷胁迫下，三七不同植物部位的砷含量增加，这不仅影响光合作用和能量，还降低抗氧化能力和恢复力，并诱导解毒相关蛋白表达增加，导致黄酮和皂苷含量降低。三七对砷的耐受阈值为140 mg·kg。
