American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Desk X11, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Redox Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, 753003, India.
Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2018 Apr 28;16(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s12958-018-0358-6.
The 'omics' approach for a noninvasive diagnosis of male reproductive system disorders has gained momentum during the last decade, particularly from a screening and prognosis point of view. Due to the rapid development in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) over the years, the major focus of proteomic studies has been around the ejaculated spermatozoa. Although seminal plasma is not a requirement for ART, the question arose whether the role of seminal plasma is merely to transport spermatozoa.
Seminal plasma (SP) contains a large diversity of proteins that are essential not only for sperm transport, but also for sperm protection and maturation. Most of the proteins bind to sperm surface through exosomes (epididymosomes and prostasomes), modulating sperm function, interaction with the female reproductive tract and finally fertilization. This review focuses on the state-of-art discoveries regarding SP proteome and its role in fertilization.
Tissue-specific proteins in the SP have emerged as fundamental contributors for protein biomarker discovery. This is important for a noninvasive diagnosis of male infertility and development of new therapeutic approaches. Moreover, ART success rates may be improved by taking into account the critical role of seminal proteome in fertilization.
在过去十年中，“组学”方法在男性生殖系统疾病的非侵入性诊断方面取得了进展，特别是在筛查和预后方面。由于辅助生殖技术 (ART) 多年来的快速发展，蛋白质组学研究的主要重点一直围绕着射出的精子。尽管精浆不是 ART 的要求，但人们提出了一个问题，即精浆的作用是否仅仅是运输精子。
精浆 (SP) 含有大量的蛋白质，这些蛋白质不仅对精子运输很重要，而且对精子保护和成熟也很重要。大多数蛋白质通过外泌体（附睾体和前列腺体）与精子表面结合，调节精子功能、与女性生殖道的相互作用，最终实现受精。这篇综述重点介绍了关于 SP 蛋白质组及其在受精中的作用的最新发现。
SP 中的组织特异性蛋白质已成为蛋白质生物标志物发现的重要贡献者。这对于男性不育症的非侵入性诊断和新治疗方法的发展非常重要。此外，通过考虑精浆蛋白质组在受精中的关键作用，可能会提高 ART 的成功率。
