Robotics Lab, Department of Systems Engineering and Automation, University Carlos III of Madrid, Avda. de la Universidad 30, 28911 Leganés, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University King Juan Carlos, Avda. de Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
J Healthc Eng. 2018 Apr 1;2018:9758939. doi: 10.1155/2018/9758939. eCollection 2018.
Robot-mediated neurorehabilitation is a growing field that seeks to incorporate advances in robotics combined with neuroscience and rehabilitation to define new methods for treating problems related with neurological diseases. In this paper, a systematic literature review is conducted to identify the contribution of robotics for upper limb neurorehabilitation, highlighting its relation with the rehabilitation cycle, and to clarify the prospective research directions in the development of more autonomous rehabilitation processes. With this aim, first, a study and definition of a general rehabilitation process are made, and then, it is particularized for the case of neurorehabilitation, identifying the components involved in the cycle and their degree of interaction between them. Next, this generic process is compared with the current literature in robotics focused on upper limb treatment, analyzing which components of this rehabilitation cycle are being investigated. Finally, the challenges and opportunities to obtain more autonomous rehabilitation processes are discussed. In addition, based on this study, a series of technical requirements that should be taken into account when designing and implementing autonomous robotic systems for rehabilitation is presented and discussed.
机器人介导的神经康复是一个不断发展的领域，旨在将机器人技术的进步与神经科学和康复相结合，定义治疗与神经疾病相关问题的新方法。本文进行了系统的文献综述，以确定机器人技术在上肢神经康复中的贡献，重点介绍其与康复周期的关系，并阐明在开发更自主的康复过程方面的前瞻性研究方向。为此，首先对一般康复过程进行了研究和定义，然后针对神经康复的情况进行了具体说明，确定了循环中涉及的组件及其相互作用程度。接下来，将这个通用过程与当前专注于上肢治疗的机器人技术文献进行比较，分析正在研究康复周期的哪些组件。最后，讨论了获得更自主的康复过程的挑战和机遇。此外，基于这项研究，提出并讨论了在设计和实施用于康复的自主机器人系统时应考虑的一系列技术要求。
