Sehnal Borek, Podlešák Tomáš, Kmoníčková Emanuela, Nipčová Monika, Driák Daniel, Sláma Jiří, Zikán Michal
Klin Onkol. 2018 Spring;31(2):103-109. doi: 10.14735/amko2018103.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cervical, other genital, anal, head, and neck cancers. The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the head and neck cancer most commonly caused by HPV infection, is increasing. The prevalence of oral HPV infections is considerably lower than that of genital HPV infections; however, infection of both sites is strongly associated with sexual behavior. Although the natural histories of cervical and oral HPV infections do not markedly differ, the virus seems to rarely infect oral and genital sites simultaneously. On the other hand, the standardized incidence ratio of OSCC is higher in cervical cancer patients than in other populations. Furthermore, women with OSCC have a significantly increased risk of developing HPV-related genital cancers. Administration of the HPV vaccine to both genders will undoubtedly dramatically change the epidemiology of HPV-related cancers.
This work provides an overview of the literature and estimates the risk of OSCC in women with anogenital HPV infections.
The biological relationship between different HPV-infected sites might be complex; however, the increased prevalence of HPV in oral samples of women positive for anogenital HPV indicates that such infections are unlikely to be independent of one another. Sexual activity likely affects the risk of concurrent anogenital and oral coinfections. However, it is also possible that one infection site provides a reservoir that can increase the risk of autoinoculation at anatomically distant locations or that coinfections develop as a result of other factors, such as immunodeficiency. Nevertheless, women with HPV-associated malignancy undoubtedly have a higher risk of developing OSCC.Key words: human papillomavirus - HPV - genital HPV infection - oral HPV infection - oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma - standardized incidence ratio - head and neck cancer This article was supported by by the project UNCE 204065 of Charles University. The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers.Submitted: 26. 8. 2017Accepted: 4. 1. 2018.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）可引发宫颈癌、其他生殖器癌、肛门癌、头颈癌。口咽鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是最常见由HPV感染引起的头颈癌，其发病率正在上升。口腔HPV感染的患病率远低于生殖器HPV感染；然而，这两个部位的感染都与性行为密切相关。虽然宫颈和口腔HPV感染的自然史没有明显差异，但该病毒似乎很少同时感染口腔和生殖器部位。另一方面，宫颈癌患者中OSCC的标准化发病率高于其他人群。此外，患有OSCC的女性患HPV相关生殖器癌的风险显著增加。对男女两性接种HPV疫苗无疑将极大地改变HPV相关癌症的流行病学。
本文对相关文献进行综述，并评估患有肛门生殖器HPV感染的女性患OSCC的风险。
不同HPV感染部位之间的生物学关系可能很复杂；然而，肛门生殖器HPV呈阳性的女性口腔样本中HPV患病率的增加表明，此类感染不太可能相互独立。性活动可能会影响同时发生肛门生殖器和口腔合并感染的风险。然而，也有可能一个感染部位形成一个病灶，增加在解剖学上距离较远部位的自体接种风险，或者合并感染是由其他因素引起的，如免疫缺陷。尽管如此，患有HPV相关恶性肿瘤的女性患OSCC的风险无疑更高。
人乳头瘤病毒 - HPV - 生殖器HPV感染 - 口腔HPV感染 - 口咽鳞状细胞癌 - 标准化发病率 -头颈癌
本文得到了查理大学项目UNCE 204065的支持。作者声明他们在研究中使用的药物、产品或服务方面没有潜在的利益冲突。编辑委员会声明该手稿符合ICMJE对生物医学论文的建议。
2017年8月26日
2018年1月4日
