Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2018 Jun;26(6):1050-1056. doi: 10.1002/oby.22177. Epub 2018 May 3.
The goal of this study was to identify patterns of BMI changes across childhood (ages 24 months to 13 years) and to assess whether demographic characteristics, birth weight, and percent infant weight gain from birth to 15 months predicted BMI patterns.
Eleven waves of data from the Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development were used. Trained technicians assessed children's weight at birth and 10 times from 15 months to eighth grade (N = 1364). Latent growth modeling was used to estimate BMI change trajectories, and logistic regression was used to predict membership in trajectory classes.
Children in the high-rising and low-to-high BMI patterns had the highest BMI of all trajectory groups during middle childhood. Birth weight and infant weight gain were stronger predictors of trajectory membership than gender or race/ethnicity. Infant weight gain predicted high-rising membership over and above the effect of birth weight. African American children had lower birth weight, faster infant weight increase, and higher odds of being in one of the rising trajectories. Risk algorithms are provided.
Clinicians should monitor weight gain during infancy independent of birth weight. Researchers should continue investigating the lasting physiological effects of early rapid weight gain in infancy.
本研究旨在确定儿童期（24 个月至 13 岁）体重指数（BMI）变化模式，并评估人口统计学特征、出生体重和 15 个月内婴儿体重增加百分比是否预测 BMI 模式。
使用“早期儿童保育与青少年发展研究”的 11 个波次的数据。训练有素的技术人员在出生时和 15 个月至八年级时评估儿童的体重 10 次（N=1364）。潜增长模型用于估计 BMI 变化轨迹，逻辑回归用于预测轨迹类别成员。
在整个儿童中期，高增长和低至高 BMI 模式的儿童的 BMI 最高。与性别或种族/民族相比，出生体重和婴儿体重增加是轨迹成员的更强预测因素。婴儿体重增加预测了高增长成员的增加，而不仅仅是出生体重的影响。非洲裔美国儿童出生体重较低，婴儿体重增加较快，且处于上升轨迹的可能性更高。提供了风险算法。
临床医生应在不考虑出生体重的情况下监测婴儿期的体重增加。研究人员应继续研究婴儿期早期快速体重增加对生理的持久影响。
