De la Cruz-Góngora Vanessa, Villalpando Salvador, Shamah-Levy Teresa
Centro de Investigación en Evaluación y Encuestas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
Salud Publica Mex. 2018 May-Jun;60(3):291-300. doi: 10.21149/8824.
To describe the prevalence of anemia and con-sumption of iron rich groups among Mexican children and adolescents who participated in the Halfway National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2016.
Our study sample included children and adolescents who provided full capillary hemoglobin data. Anemia was defined accord-ing to WHO criteria. Logistic regression models were used to explore the association among consumption of iron-rich food groups, sociodemographic characteristics and anemia.
In 2016, the prevalence of anemia was 26.9% in children aged 1 to 4 years old, 12.5% in those aged 5 to 11, and 9.6% in adolescents aged 12 to 19 years. Rates were the highest among females who lived in the southern and central parts of Mexico, belonged to an indigenous ethnic group and fell within the first tercile of the Household Wealth Index. Consumption of beef by preschoolers and viscera by ado-lescents was associated with lower risk for anemia; higher risk was associated with consumption of Liconsa milk and non-heme iron by preschoolers.
Anemia is highly prevalent in Mexican children and adolescents, affect-ing mainly the poorest and youngest populations. Sources of heme iron are the principal dietary factor associated with low risk for anemia.
描述参与2016年全国中途健康与营养调查的墨西哥儿童和青少年中贫血症的患病率以及富含铁元素食物组的摄入量情况。
我们的研究样本包括提供了完整毛细血管血红蛋白数据的儿童和青少年。贫血症依据世界卫生组织标准进行定义。采用逻辑回归模型来探究富含铁元素食物组的摄入量、社会人口学特征与贫血症之间的关联。
2016年，1至4岁儿童的贫血症患病率为26.9%，5至11岁儿童为12.5%，12至19岁青少年为9.6%。患病率在居住在墨西哥南部和中部、属于原住民种族群体且家庭财富指数处于第一三分位数的女性中最高。学龄前儿童食用牛肉以及青少年食用内脏与较低的贫血风险相关；学龄前儿童食用利康萨牛奶和非血红素铁则与较高风险相关。
贫血症在墨西哥儿童和青少年中极为普遍，主要影响最贫困和最年幼的人群。血红素铁来源是与低贫血风险相关的主要饮食因素。
