J Acad Nutr Diet. 2018 Sep;118(9):1711-1718. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.02.014. Epub 2018 May 8.
Accounting for sex differences in food portions may improve dietary measurement; however, this factor has not been well examined.
The aim of this study was to examine sex differences in reported food portions from 24-hour dietary recalls (24HDRs) among those who selected the same portion size category on a quantitative food frequency questionnaire (QFFQ).
This study was conducted with a cross-sectional design.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Participants (n=319) were members of the Hawaii-Los Angeles Multiethnic Cohort who completed three 24HDRs and a QFFQ in a calibration study conducted in 2010 and 2011.
Portions of individual foods reported from 24HDRs served as the outcome measures.
Mean food portions from 24HDRs were compared between men and women who reported the same portion size on the QFFQ, after adjustment for race/ethnicity using a linear regression model. Actual amount and the assigned amount of the selected portion size in the QFFQ were compared using one-sample t test for men and women separately.
Of 163 food items with portion size options listed in the QFFQ, 32 were reported in 24HDRs by ≥20 men and ≥20 women who selected the same portion size in the QFFQ. Although they chose the same portion size on the QFFQ, mean intake amounts from 24HDRs were significantly higher for men than for women for "beef/lamb/veal," "white rice," "brown/wild rice," "lettuce/tossed salad," "eggs cooked/raw," "whole wheat/rye bread," "buns/rolls," and "mayonnaise in sandwiches." For men, mean portions of 14 items from the 24HDRs were significantly different from the assigned amounts for QFFQ items (seven higher and seven lower), whereas for women, mean portions of 14 items were significantly lower from the assigned amounts (with five significantly higher).
These sex differences in reported 24HDR food portions-even among participants who selected the same portion size on the QFFQ-suggest that the use of methods that account for differences in the portions consumed by men and women when QFFQs are quantified may provide more accurate absolute dietary intakes.
在食物份量中考虑性别差异可能会改善膳食测量；然而，这一因素尚未得到充分研究。
本研究旨在检查在定量食物频率问卷 (QFFQ) 中选择相同份量类别的 24 小时膳食回忆 (24HDR) 中报告的食物份量方面的性别差异。
本研究采用横断面设计。
参与者/设置：参与者（n=319）是夏威夷-洛杉矶多种族队列的成员，他们在 2010 年和 2011 年进行的一项校准研究中完成了三次 24HDR 和一份 QFFQ。
24HDR 报告的个体食物份量作为观察指标。
使用线性回归模型，在校正种族/民族后，比较 QFFQ 报告相同份量的男性和女性的 24HDR 平均食物份量。分别对男性和女性进行单样本 t 检验，比较 QFFQ 中选择的份量的实际量和指定量。
在 QFFQ 中列出份量选项的 163 种食物中，有 32 种食物在 24HDR 中被≥20 名男性和≥20 名女性报告，这些男性和女性在 QFFQ 中选择了相同的份量。尽管他们在 QFFQ 中选择了相同的份量，但 24HDR 中男性的平均摄入量明显高于女性，用于“牛肉/羊肉/小牛肉”、“白米”、“糙米/野生稻”、“生菜/凉拌沙拉”、“鸡蛋煮熟/生”、“全麦/黑麦面包”、“面包/卷”和“三明治中的蛋黄酱”。对于男性，24HDR 中 14 种食物的平均份量与 QFFQ 食物的指定份量明显不同（7 种较高，7 种较低），而对于女性，14 种食物的平均份量明显低于指定份量（其中 5 种明显较高）。
即使在 QFFQ 中选择相同份量的参与者中，报告的 24HDR 食物份量也存在这些性别差异，这表明在量化 QFFQ 时使用方法来考虑男性和女性消耗的份量差异可能会提供更准确的绝对膳食摄入量。
